银川市社区2型糖尿病患者膳食营养状况及相关因素的调查

目的了解社区2型糖尿病患者的膳食营养状况及与饮食治疗知识等相关因素的关系.方法采用食物频率调查法和问卷调查法对已在社区卫生服务站登记建档的205例2型糖尿病患者进行调查.结果社区2型糖尿病患者热能供给已满足需要,不同体型组的实际能量摄入量高于理论能量摄入量,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);三大产热营养素中蛋白质和碳水化合物摄入比例合适,脂肪摄入较高;糖尿病患者中有65.4%是肥胖者;脂肪摄入异常者占55.1%;随着患者饮食的治疗知识增加和病程的延长,三大产热营养素实际摄入正常者比例有增加趋势.结论社区糖尿病患者膳食质量存在着问题,除了对糖尿病患者营养饮食治疗知识的宣教,还应针对性地进行膳食指导,以有效预防和治疗糖尿病及其合并症.

Survey of Nutritional State and Related Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Yinchuan Community

Objective To investigate the dietetic nutritional state and the related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the community.Methods Two hundred and five type 2 diabetic patients registered in community health station were investigated by the food frequency inquiry method and questionnaire inquiry method.Results The amount of calorie supply in type 2 diabetic patients met the needs,while the actual energy intake in somatotype groups was higher than the theoretical energy intake(P<0.05).The proportion of protein and carbohydrate intake was appropriate,while the fat intake was higher.The obesity was 65.4% in diabetic patients and higher fat intakers were 55.1%.The normal rate intake of the macronutrients improved with the understanding of the dietetic knowledge and the prolonging of the disease course.Conclusion Type 2 diabetic patients in the community have some dietetic quality problems.Except boosting dietetic nutrition knowledge, it is necessary to provide the specific diet guidance so that the effective prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes and its complications can be achieved.