烧伤患儿创面金黄色葡萄球菌感染来源的探讨

1988年4月~1989年2月本院收治115名烧伤患儿。于入院24小时内对患儿创面、鼻前庭、手及家属鼻前庭、手作第一次培养,同时对医护人员鼻前庭、手及病房空气、水龙头等作培养,共1544次。分离出金葡菌276株,患儿创面金葡菌感染率为25.2%,患儿、家属、护士和医生鼻前庭金葡菌带菌率分别为:30.4%、18.1%、27.3%和18.3%。与患儿创面感染质粒谱(1.6、1.9Md)和噬菌体型别(618)相同的金葡菌仅从家属鼻前庭及手分离出,而医护人员鼻前庭及手分离出的金葡菌的质粒谱和噬菌体型别均不同于患儿创面感染的金葡菌。根据质粒谱与噬菌体型别相同表明:创面感染的金葡菌并非来自医护人员,但家属的手在创面感染中起重要作用;这可能与患儿创面的处理由家属负责有关。

Investigation on the Source of Burn Wound Infection due to Staphylococcus aureus in Children

115 children with burn injuries were admitted between April 1988 and February 1989. Samples were taken from burn wounds, anterior nares and hands of every patient: anterior nares and hands of family members within 24 hours after admission. Samples were also taken from anterior nares and hands of medical personnel, air of ward and taps etc. 276 strains of S. aureus were isolated from 1544 samples. The rate of burn wound infection due to S. aureus was 25.2% and nasal carrier rates of patients, family members, nurses, doctors were 30.4%, 18.1%, 27.3% and 18.3%, respectively. S. aureus with the same plasmid profiles (1.6 and 1.9 Md) and phage type (618) as those of the burn wounds was only isolated from the anterior nares and hands of the family members and not from the medical personnel. It indicated that the S. aureus of burn wound infection mainly came from the hands of their family members and not from the medical personnel. This may be due to that care of burn wound was mainly taken by the family members.