小学生健康生活方式干预实验研究

目的 探讨对小学生健康生活方式进行干预的方法、途径和效果。方法 通过对山西省太原市桃园小学3～5年级学生的健康生活方式知识、态度和行为现况进行测查,发现小学生在上述因素中存在一定问题。在基线测查的基础上,根据研究目的将被测学生分为干预组和对照组,经统计学检验两组被试的均衡性较好。对干预组学生进行了一学期的干预实验;干预后进行了复测。结果 干预后干预组学生健康生活方式知识、态度、行为得分分别由干预前的47.54±10.07、17.87±3.66和60.30±9.08提高到68.19±12.92、20.92±4.31和67.74±10.44,各项得分差值均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.01)。结论“儿童健康生活方式干预提纲”内容适宜、可行性较强。实施过程中强调家庭与学校的密切配合,同时注重课堂知识与日常生活习惯培养的密切结合,使干预实验取得了良好的效果。

Intervention study on healthy lifestyle of children

OBJECTIVE: To set up valid, feasible and reliable intervention to help children with a healthy life-style. METHODS: Children of grades 3, 4 and 5 in Taoyuan elementary school in Taiyuan city, Shanxi province were studied by self-administered knowledge, attitudes and behaviors questionnaire on health, in May 1999. Results indicated that there were some problems in knowledge, attitudes and behaviors on health among children. Children were assigned to intervention group and control group. The balance between the two groups was tested statistically. Children of the intervention group received intervention for half a year. After intervention, knowledge, attitude and behavior of children on health in both groups were assessed again. RESULTS: After intervention the mean scores of health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of intervention group were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.01). After intervention, the total mean score of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors on health has been improved from 125.70 +/- 16.95 on pre-test to 156.84 +/- 21.72 on post-test in intervention group. The mean score of knowledge on health was increased form 47.54 +/- 10.07 to 68.19 +/- 12.92 while the mean score of attitudes increased from 17.87 +/- 3.66 to 20.92 +/- 4.31 and the mean score of healthy behavior increased from 60.30 +/- 9.08 to 67.74 +/- 10.44 respectively. CONCLUSION: Methods used in the intervention study seemed to be appropriate and the contents suitable.