Large-Scale 3-D Geometric Reconstruction of the Porcine Coronary Arterial Vasculature Based on Detailed Anatomical Data |
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Authors: | Benjamin?Kaimovitz Yoram?Lanir Email author" target="_blank">Ghassan?S?KassabEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biomedical Engineering, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;(2) Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA;(3) Physiology Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA;(4) Department of Biomedical Engineering, 204 Rockwell Engineering Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-2715 |
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Abstract: | The temporal and spatial distribution of coronary blood flow, pressure, and volume are determined by the branching pattern
and three-dimensional (3-D) geometry of the coronary vasculature, and by the mechanics of heart wall and vascular tone. Consequently,
a realistic simulation of coronary blood flow requires, as a first step, an accurate representation of the coronary vasculature
in a 3-D model of the beating heart. In the present study, a large-scale stochastic reconstruction of the asymmetric coronary
arterial trees (right coronary artery, RCA; left anterior descending, LAD; and left circumflex, LCx) of the porcine heart
has been carried out to set the stage for future hemodynamic analysis. The model spans the entire coronary arterial tree down
to the capillary vessels. The 3-D tree structure was reconstructed initially in rectangular slab geometry by means of global
geometrical optimization using parallel simulated annealing (SA) algorithm. The SA optimization was subject to constraints
prescribed by previously measured morphometric features of the coronary arterial trees. Subsequently, the reconstructed trees
were mapped onto a prolate spheroid geometry of the heart. The transformed geometry was determined through least squares minimization
of the related changes in both segments lengths and their angular characteristics. Vessel diameters were assigned based on
a novel representation of diameter asymmetry along bifurcations. The reconstructed RCA, LAD and LCx arterial trees show qualitative
resemblance to native coronary networks, and their morphological statistics are consistent with the measured data. The present
model constitutes the first most extensive reconstruction of the entire coronary arterial system which will serve as a geometric
foundation for future studies of flow in an anatomically accurate 3-D coronary vascular model. |
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Keywords: | 3-D Reconstruction Parallel simulated annealing Global optimization Spatial hetrogeneity Diameter-defined Strahler system |
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