普宁市居民食管癌发病危险因素的病例对照研究

目的:分析普宁市食管癌发生现状,探讨食管癌发生的相关危险因素,为食管癌的防治提供科学数据。方法:选择经确诊的普宁市食管癌新发病例120例为研究组,按照1∶1配对方法,按照年龄、性别和户籍所在地进行配对;采用问卷调查收集数据,调查内容包括基本情况、膳食结构、吸烟、饮酒等生活习惯;采用SPSS17.0对相关变量进行Logistic相关性分析,并进一步对筛选出的有意义变量进行多因素回归分析,得出食管癌相关危险因素的比值比(odds ratio,OR)及其95%可信区间(95%confidential ceinterval,95%CI)。结果:单因素相关性分析结果显示,病例组与对照组相比,更少吸烟、少饮酒是食管癌的保护因素;果蔬类、豆类食物摄入较少等因素是食管癌的危险因素,具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素回归分析显示,家族恶性肿瘤史、吸烟、饮酒是食管癌的危险因素,每周5次以上新鲜蔬菜和每周3次以上水果及每周2次以上食用豆类制品是食管癌的保护因素。结论:吸烟饮酒等不良生活习惯可增加食管癌的发生概率,多食新鲜果蔬和豆类可减少该疾病的发生。

Case Control Study on the Risk Factors of Esophageal Cancer in Residents of Puning City

Objective:To analyze the status quo of esophageal cancer in puning city,and explore the relevant risk factors of esophageal cancer to provide scientific data for the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer.Methods:120 newly diagnosed cases of esophageal cancer in Puning city were selected as study group.By the 1∶1 matching method,according to age,gender and domicile location for matching;Questionnaires were used to collect data,including basic information,dietary structure,smoking and drinking habits;SPSS 17.0 was used for Logistic correlation analysis of relevant variables,and multivariate regression analysis of selected meaningful variables was further conducted to obtain odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidential ceinter-val(95%CI)of esophageal cancer-related risk factors.Results:Univariate correlation analysis showed that Smoking and drinking less were protective factors for esophageal cancer in the case group compared with the control group.Factors such as low intake of fruits,vegetables and legumes were the risk factors for esophageal cancer,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed that family history of malignant tumor,smoking and alcohol consumption were risk factors for esophageal cancer,while fresh vegetables more than 5 times a week,fruits more than 3 times a week and legume products more than 2 times a week were protective factors for esophageal cancer.Conclusion:Smoking,drinking and other unhealthy living habits can increase the incidence of esophageal cancer,and eating more fresh fruits,vegetables and beans can reduce the incidence of this disease.