《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》实施前后保定市急性职业中毒的发生情况比较

目的比较《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》（下称《职业病防治法》）实施前后保定市急性职业中毒的发生情况。方法搜集1994-2007年保定市发生的中毒事故报告资料和中毒人员个案调查资料，分别统计《职业病防治法》实施前（1994-2001）和职业病防治法实施后（2002-2007）2个时期职业中毒事故的数量、时间分布、毒物种类分布、行业分布、中毒场所分布、企业类型、事故原因，进行对比性分析。结果每年发生急性中毒起数由《职业病防治法》实施前的年均2.38起，下降到年均1.67起，事故起数年均下降0.71起。每年发生急性中毒病人数由《职业病防治法》实施前的年均117.82人，下降到年均12.18人，中毒人数年均下降105.64人。《职业病防治法》实施前密闭空间引起的中毒事故死亡人数占事故总死亡人数的36.7％，2002年后的6年间未发生密闭空间急性职业中毒事件。结论《职业病防治法》实施后，保定市的急性职业中毒的发生情况有好转。

Comparison of Occurrence Characteristics of Acute Occupational Toxic Accidents before and after The Implementation of "Law of The People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases"

[Objective] To compare the occurrence characteristics of acute occupational toxic accidents in Baoding city before and after the implement of “Law of the People＇s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases”（Occupational Disease Prevention Law）.[ Methods] Reports about acute occupational toxic accidents and personnel eases were collected took place in Baoding city during the year 1994-2007. Based on the two periods before （1994-2001） and after （2002-2007） the implement of “Occupational Disease Prevention Law”, the number of occupational toxic accidents, distribution of the time, distribution of poisoning kinds, distribution of industries, distribution of places of poisoning, the type of enterprise, the cause of the accidents were analyzed statistically and contrastive analysis was made. [Results] The number of annually occurred acute toxic accidents decreased an average value of 0.71, from 2.38 before implementation of “Occupational Disease Prevention Law” to 1.67. The annual average number of patients with acute poisoning declined by 105.64, from 117.82 to 12.18. The major accidents were controlled. The occupational poisoning death eases caused by confined space among the total number of deaths of accidents were 36.7% before the implementation. No acute occupational toxic accident in a confined space was found in the 6 years after 2002. [Conclusion] Since the implementation of “Occupational Disease Prevention Law”, the occurrence of acute occupational toxic accidents in Baoding city has improved.