应用肌部室间隔缺损封闭器封堵低体质量婴幼儿动脉导管未闭

目的:探讨肌部室间隔缺损(VSD)封闭器在低体质量婴幼儿动脉导管未闭(PDA)介入治疗中临床应用的安全性及优点。方法:2010年10月至2011年6月,应用肌部VSD封闭器对9例低体质量婴幼儿PDA进行介入治疗,男性1例,女性8例,年龄6～21个月,体质量5.5～10 kg。本组病例均行经胸超声心动图、心导管检查及造影检查。结果:合并肺动脉高压者8例,轻、中及重度分别为2例、5例及1例。肺/体循环血量比(QP/QS)为1.94～2.87,肺血管阻力指数(TPRI)1.82～4.7wood/m2。造影示4例为粗大PDA,1例为漏斗腔大的PDA,4例漏斗腔短小,其中1例为主动脉右弓右降合并迷走左锁骨下动脉及左位PDA,PDA距左锁骨下动脉及椎动脉近。9例患儿全部封堵成功,合并肺动脉高压者释放封闭器前肺动脉压力降至正常或接近正常,未发生医源性主动脉和肺动脉狭窄及血管内膜损伤。术后随访无封闭器脱落、残余分流,左心室舒张末径(LVED)较术前明显减小,4例合并二尖瓣反流者3例减轻。结论:对于低体质量婴幼儿粗大、漏斗腔短小或应用常规PDA蘑菇形封闭器治疗效果不佳的PDA,应用肌部VSD封闭器更安全有效。

Application of muscular ventricular septal defect occluders in the therapy of uderweight infants and young children with patent dutus arterriosus

Objective:To evaluate the safety and advantage of application of muscular ventricular septal defect in the therapy of uderweight infants and young children with patent dutus arterriosus.Methods:Nine uderweight infants and young children(1 male and 8 fomale)with patent dutus arterriosus,aged from 6 to 21 months and weighted from 5.5 to 10kg,underwent transcathter intervention with muscular VSD occluders from October 2010 to June 2011.All patients accept transthoracic echocardiography,cardiac catheterization ...