塘口镇学生应用乙肝疫苗控制HBV感染效果观察

目的　了解塘口镇中小学生学前儿童HBv感染状况和应用乙肝疫苗控制HBV感染效果。方法　1997年应用ELISA法对全镇4811名中小学生学前儿童进行HBsAg检测，HBsAg阴性者进行乙肝疫苗三针基础免疫接种，3年后的2001年再对全镇4891中小学生学前儿童检测HBsAg。结果 1997年学生儿童HBsAg阳性率为13．4％，其中学前儿童、小学生、初中生的阳性率依次为8．1％、14．6％和13．7％，学前儿童与小学生、初中生之间相比，其阳性率具显著性差异，小学生与初中生相比无显著性差异；2001年学生儿童HBsAg阳性率为7．3％，其中学前儿童、小学生、初中生的阳性率分别为3．1％、6．5％和11．1％，三者之间相比具显著性差异。2001年学生的阳性率比197年的有显著性差异。结论 塘口镇在中小学生和婴幼儿学前儿童中开展乙肝疫苗的预防接种可有效控制HBV感染。

Observation on Effect of Controlling HBV Infection with HBV Vaccination among Students in Tangkou Town

Objective To understand HBV infection status and the effect of HBV vaccination among children of kindergartens, primary schools and middle schools in Tangkou town on the controlling of HBV infection.Methods 4811 students were tested for HBsAg in blood serum by enzyme immune assay in 1997, and the students whose HBsAg was negative had been vaccinated with HBV vaccination by basic immune programme. 4891 students were tested for HBsAg again in 2001. Results The positive rate of HBsAg was 13 4% in 1997, among which the positive rate of kindergarten, primary and middle school was 8 1%?14 6% and 13 7%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg test in kindergarten was significantly lower than that in primary and middle school. There was no different between the positive rates of the HBsAg test in primary school and middle school. 4891 students were tested for HBsAg in 2001. The positive rate of HBsAg was 7 3%, among which the positive rate of kindergarten, primary and middle school was 3 1%, 6 5% and 11 1%, respectively.The positive rate of HBsAg test in 2001 was significantly lower than that in 1997.Conclusion HBV vaccination of the infant, the kindergarten, primary school and middle school children could effectively control the HBV infection.