颅脑外科术后引流管的观察和护理

颅脑术后通常要放置引流管，目的是为预防出血及血肿的发生。对各种疾病引起的颅内增高起调节减压作用，使颅内压增高症状得以缓解。控制病情，有利于患者神经功能恢复。颅脑手术后常用的引流有四种：脑室引流、创腔引流、硬膜外引流及硬膜下引流。术后及时监测颅内压，观察引流的量及颜色，防止血块阻塞及再出血，缩短引流时间，并尽早拔管，可减少感染机会。有效的护理均可减少并发症，提高临床疗效。

Observation and Nursing of Drainage Tube after Neurosurgical Operation

Drainage tube is generally placed after neurosurgical operation to prevent hemorrhage and the occurrence of hematoma. Drainage tube could regulate and reduce intracranial hypertension to relieve symptoms of intracranial hypertension and control disease, which is helpful to the recover of patients＇ neurological function. There are four common drainages after neurosurgical operation： ventrlcular drainage, invasive cavity drainage, epidural drainage and subdural drainage. Intracranial pressure should be monitored in time after operation. Drainage amount and color should be observed to prevent clottage and recurrent bleeding, shorten drainage time. Extubate drainage tube as soon as possible could reduce infection opportunity. Meanwhile, nurses＇ high sense of responsibility, careful and serious clinical observation and comprehensive analysis as weii as timely and effective care could reduce complications and improve clinical effect.