高师贫困生社会支持的特点及与孤独感的关系

目的探讨高师贫困生社会支持的特点及其与孤独感的关系，为高师院校心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用社会支持评定量表（SSRS），UCLA孤独量表对204名贫困生和196名非贫困生进行测查。结果①高师贫困生的客观支持显著高于非贫困生（t=2．058，P〈0．05），主观支持、支持利用度、支持总分的差异不显著；②高师贫困生的社会支持不存在性别差异，支持利用度年级差异显著（F=3．328，P〈0．05），大一学生的支持利用度显著高于大二和大三学生；③不同社会支持水平的高师贫困生孤独感差异显著（F=26．737，P〈0．001），社会支持水平越高，孤独感越低；④回归分析表明，主观支持、支持利用、客观支持均能负向预测孤独感（β=-0．276，P〈0．001；β=-0．230，P〈0．01；β=-0．174，P〈0．05）。结论高师贫困生与非贫困生客观支持存在差异，高师贫困生支持利用度的年级差异显著，社会支持对孤独感有显著影响。

A Research on Characteristics of Social Support and Its Relationship to Loneliness of the Impoverished Students in Normal University

Objective To explore the characteristics of social support and its relationship to loneliness of the impoverished students in normal university, and to provide substantial evidences for mental health education. Methods Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）, UCLA Loneliness Scale were used for examining 204 impoverished students and 196 non-impoverished students. Results （1）Impoverished students＇ objective support were significantly higher than those of non-impoverished students＇ （t= 2. 0,58, P〈0.05）, but no significant difference in subjective support, support utilization, total scores of social support. （2）There was no significant gender differences in social support, but significant grades differences in impoverished students＇ support utilization（F = 3. 328, P〈0.05）, Grade 1 students have signifcantly higher support utilization level than that of Grade 2 and Grade 3. （3）Impoverished students of different social support level had significantly different loneliness（F= 26. 737, P〈0. 001）, Individuals with high social support experienced less loneliness. （4）Regression analysis revealed that subjective support, support utilization, objective support were significant negative predictor of loneliness（β=-0. 276, P〈0. 001; β=-0. 230, P〈0.01;β=-0. 174, P〈0.05）. Conclusion There was significant difference in objective support between impoverished students and non-impoverished students, and grades differences in impoverished students＇ support utilization. Social support had significant effect on loneliness.