绝经期住院患者泌尿系统感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的探讨绝经期住院女性患者泌尿系统感染的病原菌分布及耐药分析。方法回顾性分析齐齐哈尔医学院附属第一医院2013年1月至2015年12月收治的1 850例住院女性患者的临床资料,根据是否绝经,将患者分为绝经期组(1 019例)和非绝经期组(831例),分析两组患者发生院内泌尿系统感染的比例,绝经期患者泌尿系统感染病原菌分布及耐药状况。结果 1 850例女性住院患者中发生泌尿系统感染492例,感染率为26.59%,绝经期组1 019例患者发生泌尿系统感染390例,感染率为38.27%,非绝经期组831例患者发生泌尿系统感染69例,感染率为8.30%。绝经期组390例发生泌尿系统感染患者共检出病原菌315株,其中革兰阴性菌170株,占53.97%;革兰阳性菌86株,占27.30%;真菌59株,占18.73%。结论与未绝经女性相比,已绝经女性更容易发生泌尿系统感染。临床医师应进行绝经期女性泌尿系统感染的病原学培养和耐药性检测,规范临床用药行为,提高治疗水平,根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物,以降低泌尿系统感染的发生率。

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria of urinary system infection in menopause inpatients

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria of urinary system infection in menopause inpatients .Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of female inpatients in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 .The patients were divided into the menopausal group(1 019 cases) and non‐menopausal group (831 cases) according to menopause .The ratio of nosocomial urinary system infection occurrence in the two groups ,pathogenic bac‐teria distribution and drug resistance in the menopausal inpatients with urinary system infection were analyzed .Results Among 1 850 female inpatients ,492 cases developed urinary system infection with the infection rate of 26 .59% .Among 1 019 menopausal in‐patients ,390 cases developed urinary system infection with the infection rate of 38 .27% ,while 69 cases developed urinary system infection among 831 non‐menopausal in patients with the infection rate of 8 .30% .Among 390 menopausal inpatients with urinary system infection ,315 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected ,including 170 strains of Gram‐negative bacteria ,accounting for 53 .97% ;86 strains of Gram‐positive bacteria ,accounting for 27 .30% ,59 strains of fungi ,accounting for 18 .73% .Conclusion Compared with non‐menopausal women ,the urinary system infection is more prone to occur in the menopausal women .Clinicians should focus on pathogenic bacteria culture and drug resistance detection in postmenopausal women with urinary tract infection .So the clinical medication behavior should be standardized ,so as to improve the level of treatment .The antibacterial drugs should be reasonably selected according to the drug sensitivity results for decreasing the incidence of urinary system infection .