560例中国结直肠癌患者K-ras基因突变研究

目的探讨结直肠癌患者K-ras基因突变状态并为个体化治疗提供指导。方法采用嵌套和COLD-PCR的方法分析560例结直肠癌患者K-ras基因突变状态。结果 560例患者K-ras基因总体突变率27.08%,128例血浆标本突变率为0,432例组织标本突变率为27.08%。突变类型包括G12S、G12C、G12D、G12A、G12V、G13R、G13C、G13D、Q61K、Q61L,2种不同K-ras基因突变率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.000 1)。362例男性患者的突变率为20.44%,包括G12S、G12C、G12D、G12V、G13R、G13C、G13D、Q61K、Q61L;198例女性患者的突变率为21.72%,包括G12S、G12C、G12D、G12A、G12V、G13R、G13D,不同性别间K-ras基因突变率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.722 7)。80例年轻患者的突变率为20%,包括G12S、G12C、G12D、G12V、G13D;127例中年患者的突变率为33.07%,包括G12S、G12D、G12A、G12V、G13R、G13C、G13D、Q61K、Q61L;353例老年患者的突变率为16.71%,包括G12C、G12D、G12V、G13R、G13D,不同年龄间K-ras基因突变率比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000 5)。结论 560例结直肠癌患者K-ras基因突变类型主要为G12D、G12V、G13D,K-ras基因突变在不同标本类型、不同年龄间存在差异,不同性别间无差异。

Analysis of K-ras gene mutation status in 560 Chinese colorectal cancer patients

Objective To analyze the mutation status of K‐ras gene in colorectal cancer patients ,further more ,to provide guid‐ance for personalized therapy for colorectal cancer .Methods Nested and COLD‐PCR were used to detect the K‐ras mutations in 560 patients with colorectal cancer .Results In 560 colorectal cancer patients ,the total positive rate of K‐ras gene mutations was 27 .08% ,the mutation rate was 0 in 128 plasma samples and it was 27 .08% in 432 tissue samples .The mutate sites were G12S , G12C ,G12D ,G12A ,G12V ,G13R ,G13C ,G13D ,Q61K ,Q61L ,there were significant differences existed in different samples (P <0 .000 1) ;the mutation rate of 362 male patients was 20 .44% and the types of mutation include G12S ,G12C ,G12D ,G12V ,G13R , G13C ,G13D ,Q61K and Q61L .The mutation frequency was 21 .72% in 198 female patients ,the mutation points were G12S ,G12C , G12D ,G12A ,G12V ,G13R and G13D .There were no significant difference between different sex (P= 0 .722 7) ;the mutation fre‐quency was 20% in 80 youth patients including G12S ,G12C ,G12D ,G12V ,G13D and the mutation rate was 33 .07% in 127 middle age patients ,the points of mutation were G12S ,G12D ,G12A ,G12V ,G13R ,G13C ,G13D ,Q61K ,Q61L ,the mutation frequency was 16 .71% in 353 old age patients ,the types of mutation include G12C ,G12D ,G12V ,G13R ,G13D ,the difference was significant a‐mong different age patients (P= 0 .000 5) .Conclusion The total rate of mutations is 27 .08% in 560 colorectal cancer patients ,and the main points of mutation is G12D ,G12V ,G13D .There are significant differences in different type of samples as well as in differ‐ent ages ,but no statistical significance in different sex patients .