前额叶皮质星形胶质细胞与认知功能

背景 前额叶皮质是大脑的高级思维中枢,具有整合信息形成意识的重要功能,此功能主要由神经元之间的相互联系完成.星形胶质细胞占中枢神经系统的绝大多数,近期已有大量研究证明神经元与星形胶质细胞存在相互作用,但具体机制尚不明确. 目的 为某些神经性疾病的治疗和麻醉药物的应用提供重要思路. 内容 从病理学、生理学及行为学方面综述前额叶皮质星形胶质细胞与认知功能的关系.一些以认知功能损伤为主要表现的大脑损伤性疾病中,大脑前额叶皮质发生特征性改变的同时该区域星形胶质细胞功能异常,最终表现为明显的意识障碍. 趋向 星形胶质细胞主要通过钙振荡参与神经元的调控功能,但其具体机制仍需进一步研究探讨.

The prefrontal cortex astrocytes and cognitive function

Background The prefrontal cortex is the advanced thinking center of the brain.The prefrontal cortex forms consciousness by integrating information from neuron interactions.Astrocytes accounts for vast majority of the central nervous system,and recently a large number of studies have shown that there are interactions between neurons and astrocytes lacking the specific mechanism.Objective This article aims to give some thoughts to treatments of certain neurological disorders and applications of anesthetic agents.Content The article reviews the relationship between prefrontal cortex astrocytes and cognitive function from aspects of pathology,physiology and behavior studies.In some brain injury diseases with cognitive function impairment,the prefrontal cortex shows distinctive changes while astrocytes in this area malfunction,and finally result in the obvious disturbance of consciousness.Trend Astrocytes mainly regulate functions of neurons by calcium oscillation,however the specific mechanism of which still needs further research.