某小型煤矿开采项目职业病危害评价分析

目的识别、评价某新建小型煤矿开采项目可能存在的职业病危害因素,探讨其预防与控制对策。方法依据国家相关标准,采用类比法、职业卫生学调查等方法进行定性、定量评价。结果该项目在正常生产过程中可能产生的职业病危害因素为粉尘类(煤尘、矽尘、水泥尘)、化学物质类(甲烷、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、硫化氢、二氧化硫、一氧化氮、二氧化氮)和物理因素(噪声、振动、高温及热辐射、不良气象条件、工频电场)等;除部分噪声、粉尘作业岗位可能存在超标外,其他危害因素基本符合国家卫生标准要求。结论该项目属职业病危害严重的建设项目,其选址与总体布局、生产设备布局等基本符合国家有关规定,在各项职业病危害防护措施落实到位的情况下,从职业卫生角度分析该项目是可行的。

Evaluation and analysis of occupational hazards in a mining project of a small-sized underground coal mine

Objective To identify and assess the potential occupational hazards produced in a mining project of a new built small - scale coal mine, and to explore their prevention and control countermeasures. Methods According to the related na- tional laws and standards, the analogy, on- site occupational hazard survey and quantitative analysis method were adopted for qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Results The main occupational hazards possibly existing in the workplaces were coal dust, silica dust, cement dust, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, nitro- gen dioxide, noise, vibration, high temperature and thermal radiation, adverse weather conditions, frequency electric field and so on. Excepting the partial workplaces with noise and dust generated in the process of production exceeded the related national ex- posure standards, other occupational hazards in the workplaces were in line with the National Hygiene Standards. Conclusions The coal mining project is a serious construction project for the occupational hazards. The site selection, general layout and production equipment layout of the project are basically consistent with the related national requirements. It is feasible from the point of view on occupational health when the various occupational hazard protective measures are being put in place in the case.