颅内分叉部动脉瘤复发后行支架辅助栓塞再治疗的临床效果

目的探讨初次行单纯弹簧圈栓塞或开颅夹闭术治疗后复发的颅内分叉部动脉瘤患者行支架辅助栓塞再治疗的可行性及有效性。方法回顾性分析2009年3月至2019年11月复旦大学附属华山医院放射科介入组收治的初次行单纯弹簧圈栓塞或开颅夹闭术治疗后复发并接受支架辅助栓塞再治疗的20例颅内分叉部动脉瘤患者的临床资料。男性9例,女性11例,中位年龄55.5岁(范围:33~71岁);首次治疗行单纯弹簧圈栓塞17例、开颅夹闭术3例;复发后15例行单支架辅助栓塞治疗,5例行Y形双支架辅助栓塞治疗。收集患者围手术期情况、术后并发症及预后情况。采用Mann-Whitney U检验对患者初次及再次治疗后的随访时间进行比较;采用t检验对再次治疗前、术后即刻及末次随访时近端载瘤动脉主干与支架侧分支的夹角大小进行比较。结果20例患者中,18例(90.0%)患者术后即刻脑血管造影示致密栓塞(RaymondⅠ型),2例(10.0%)示瘤颈少许残余(RaymondⅡ型),术后随访M(QR)]8.5(16.3)个月,与初次治疗后随访时间的15.5(27.0)个月相比,差异无统计学意义(U=157.7,P=0.25)。随访期间2例患者复发,均为术后即刻瘤颈少许残余病例,其中1例为Y形双支架辅助栓塞病例。围手术期发生症状性缺血6例,其中4例为Y形双支架辅助栓塞病例;未发生围手术期出血等并发症,无手术相关的永久性致残及死亡病例。术后即刻和末次随访时载瘤动脉主干与支架所在分支成角分别为(115.4±28.9)°和(132.6±26.8)°,均较术前的(90.1±21.1)°明显增大(t=5.14,P<0.01;t=7.78,P<0.01)。结论初次弹簧圈栓塞或开颅夹闭术后复发的颅内分叉动脉瘤患者再次接受支架辅助栓塞是可行的,动脉瘤再复发率较低。

Clinical efficacy of stent-assisted coil embolization for recurrent intracranial bifurcation aneurysms

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of stent-assisted coil embolization in patients with recurrent intracranial bifurcation aneurysms,after initial simple coiling or microsurgical clipping.Methods Clinical data of 20 patients with recurrent intracranial bifurcation aneurysms who initially underwent simple coiling or surgical clipping and subsequently re-treated by stent-assisted coiling embolization at the Radiology Intervention Department of Huashan Hospital between March 2009 and November 2019 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.There were 9 males and 11 females,with a median age of 55.5 years(range:33 to 71 years),including 17 aneurysms initially treated with simple coiling and 3 treated with surgical clipping.All cases were re-treated with stent-assisted coiling,15 using a single stent and 5 employing two stents in a Y-configuration.Peri-and post-operative complications and outcomes were evaluated.Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to compare the follow-up duration between initial treatment and re-treatment.Student′s t tests were used to compare the parent artery angles before re-treatment,after re-treatment and at the last follow-up.The parent artery angle was defined using the proximal main trunk and the stented branch.Results Immediate complete occlusion(RaymondⅠ)was achieved in 18 aneurysms(90.0%)while 2 aneurysms(10.0%)had a residual neck(RaymondⅡ).The median follow-up time(M(QR))was 8.5(16.3)months,which had no significantly different from the initial treatment follow-up duration(15.5(27.0)months)(U=157.7,P=0.25).During the follow-up period,2 aneurysms(10.0%)with immediate post-operative residual necks recanalized again,including 1 aneurysm re-treated with the Y-configuration stent.Symptomatic thromboembolic complications occurred in 6 patients,including 4 re-treated with the Y-configuration stent.No peri-operative hemorrhagic complications occurred,along with no operation-related permanent disability or death.The parent artery angle increased significantly from pre-operative(90.1±21.1)°to post-operative and the last follow-up(115.4±28.9)°and(132.6±26.8)°;t=5.14,P<0.01;t=7.78,P<0.01).Conclusion For recurrent intracranial bifurcation aneurysms after initial surgical clipping or simple coiling,stent assisted coil embolization is proved to be safe and can decrease recurrence rate.