人工流产前抑郁和焦虑症状的影响因素

目的探讨早孕妇女人工流产前抑郁和焦虑症状及其相关因素的关系。方法采用自制人工流产术前心理状况调查表、抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表，对停经34～63d、年龄15～35岁，要求人工流产的健康早孕妇女168例在人工流产前进行抑郁和焦虑症状调查。结果抑郁症状发生率为82．7％(139／168)，焦虑症状发生率为59．5％(100／168)；抑郁和焦虑症状的发生率教师低于其它职业，采用宫内节育器避孕者高于采用工具避孕和服避孕药避孕者，差异有显著性(P＜0．05)；术前心理紧张和恐惧组抑郁症状的发生率高于平静组，与男方父母关系差者焦虑症状的发生率高于一般关系和关系好者，差异有显著性(P＜O．05)；结论人工流产前抑郁和焦虑症状发生率较高，是早孕妇女人工流产前常见的精神及心理障碍。重视妇女心理卫生咨询工作和避孕措施的指导，是预防其抑郁和焦虑症状的有效措施。

Probe into factors causing depression and anxiety before artificial abortion

Objective This article is to display the fac to rs causing depression and anxiety before artificial abortion among early pregnan t women. Methods Self-made questionnaires about psychologi cal activities ,Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) are employed to investigate the depression and anxiety among 168 health cases of early pregnant women ranging from 15 to 35 years old,who asked for artificial abortion with menolipsis amang 34 to ~63 days. Results ( 1)The incidence rate of depression is 82.7 %,while the rate of anxiety is ~59.5 %. (2)Concerning the common factors of age,occupations and acceptance of artificial abortion,there are significant differences between these groups. (P<0.05).As causes of pregnancy concerned,the anxiety rate was 52.9 % for the contraception-failed group,56.1 % for the group without any contraception,and 88.5 % for those with curiosity and impulse as well.The control study showed significant differences.(P<0.05).(3)Socia l psychological factors were also influencing the depression and anxiety before artificial abortion.The groups of mental preparation had differences on depression and anxiety existed.(P<0.05).The relationships w ith parents-in-law caused depression and anxiety.The refore,there were differences on depression and anxiety.(P<0.05).Another groups were divide d by the most frequent contraception measures in the past,within which the differences were outstanding.(P<0.05) Conclusion There has a high incidence rate of depression and anxiety before artificial abortion,which is a common spiritual and mental barrier.Paying more attention to mental hygiene and mental consultation turns to be a preventive means.