基于知信行理论对艾滋病病人高危及侵社会行为倾向的干预研究

目的了解艾滋病病人对艾滋病的认知、态度及行为,确定相关的影响因素,通过健康教育—知信行模式,提高艾滋病病人的相关知识,改变艾滋病病人的侵社会行为,从而预防和控制艾滋病的感染和传播。方法对纳入标准的艾滋病病人发放调查量表、面对面访谈以及为其提供心理干预等知信行模式改变艾滋病病人的侵社会行为。结果通过健康教育的教育策略,艾滋病病人对艾滋病知识的知晓率提高明显,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）；提高程度与其文化程度的高低有关（P〈0.01）；全县艾滋病感染率相较于之前有所降低,侵社会行为倾向有所降低,生存质量有所提高。结论知信行理论指导下的健康教育模式可以有效降低艾滋病病人高危及侵社会行为倾向的发生。

Intervention Studies Besed on the Knowlege-Attitude-Behavior Theory on the High Risk and infringements Social Behavior Tendency of AIDS Patients

OBJECTIVE To investigate awareness, attitudes and behaviors on AIDS in my county, determine the influence of related factors, through the Health Education-KAP model, improve the related knowledge of AIDS patients, change social invasion behavior of the AIDS patients, so as to prevent and control infection and spread of AIDS. METHOD Using the KAP model such as issuing questionnaire, face to face interview and providing psychological counseling to all AIDS patients in the county to change social invasion behavior of the AIDS patients. RESULT Through strategies of health education, AIDS patients improved the awareness of AIDS knowledge, the difference was statistically significant（P0.01）; the knowledge improvement is related to the patients education degree（P 0.01）. The rate of AIDS infection and the social invasion behavior were reduced, the quality of life improved. CONCLUSION Knowledge health education model under theory instruction could effectively reduce the occurrence of AIDS patients at high risk of invasion tendency and social behavior.