2002年北京市2岁以内婴幼儿营养与喂养状况调查

目的了解北京市2岁以内婴幼儿出生时营养、母乳喂养与辅食添加状况,为政府制定儿童营养政策提供依据。方法采取分层整群随机抽样方法,于2002年8至11月在北京市18个区县进行抽样调查。在取得知情同意的情况下,对422名2岁以内婴幼儿的家长进行面对面询问调查。结果北京市平均婴儿出生体重为3325g,低体重出生率和巨大儿出生率分别为2．8％和13．0％;4月龄内婴儿母乳喂养率、混合喂养率和人工喂养率分别为56．6％、33．9％和9．5％,城区混合喂养率明显高于郊区;婴幼儿平均断奶月龄为7．4个月;6月龄及以上婴幼儿的辅食添加率为99．4％,城区和郊区婴幼儿各类辅食的添加顺序一致,但郊区婴幼儿的辅食添加时间晚于城区,且蔬菜水果、水产品、食用油的添加频率低于城区。结论北京地区新生儿体格发育良好,应在社区加强婴幼儿喂养的健康教育,提高母乳喂养率,适当延长母乳喂养时间,并适时添加各类辅食。

Investigation of nutrition and feeding status among children under 2 years in Beijing

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the nutrition status, breast feeding and complementary feeding among children under 2 years of age in Beijing. METHODS: A stratified cluster randomly sampling method was used. After having got the compliance a questionnaire survey was carried out to 422 children < 2 year-old in total 18 districts of Beijing. RESULTS: The average infant birth weight was 3325 g, the rate of weight (2500 g and > or = 4000 g were 2.8% and 13.0% respectively. The rate of exclusive breast-feeding, partial breast-feeding, bottle-feeding of infant under 4 months was 56.6%, 33.9% and 9.5% respectively. The average weaning time was 7.4 months. The rate of complementary feeding of infant up to 6 months was 99.4%. The average ages for addition of complementary feeding such as cereal, vegetable and fruit, egg, oil, nutrients in rural areas were later than those in urban. CONCLUSION: It is important to promote breast feeding and improve complementary feeding by education and intervention.