Biological monitoring of environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in subjects living in the vicinity of a creosote impregnation plant |
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Authors: | Michèle Bouchard Linda Pinsonneault Claude Tremblay Jean-Philippe Weber |
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Institution: | Département de santé environnementale, Direction de la santé publique de la Montérégie, 1255 Beauregard, Longueuil, Quebec, J4K 2M3, Canada?e-mail: m.bouchard@rrsss16.gouv.qc.ca?Tel.: ?+01-450-9286777 Ext 4057; Fax: ?+01-450-9283760, CA Centre de Toxicologie du Québec, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada, CA
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Abstract: | Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in nonsmoking
adult subjects living in the vicinity of a creosote impregnation plant in Delson, Canada. Urinary metabolites of naphthalene,
α- and β-naphthol, and pyrene metabolite 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), were used as biomarkers of exposure. Methods: Morning and evening urine samples were collected in mid-August from 30 exposed individuals living at a distance of 50–360 m
downwind of the plant and from a control group in the adjoining municipality residing at a distance of 1.9–2.7 km upwind of
the plant. Metabolites were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results: Excretion values of α- and β-naphthol were significantly higher in the exposed group than in controls (P < 0.04), after accounting for possible confounding variables by multivariate analyses. The respective geometric mean concentrations
(5th and 95th percentiles) of α-naphthol for the exposed and nonexposed groups were 2.04 (0.55–6.00) and 1.37 (0.39–7.02) μmol/mol creatinine for evening
samples, and 2.49 (0.77–8.43) and 1.17 (0.37–6.88) μmol/mol creatinine for morning samples. Corresponding values for β-naphthol were 1.78 (0.82–3.67) and 1.36 (0.63–5.07) μmol/mol creatinine for evening samples, and 1.94 (1.03–4.96) and 1.08
(0.49–5.05) μmol/mol creatinine for morning samples. On the other hand, no significant difference in 1-OHP excretion was observed
between the exposed and the control group (P>0.5). The respective geometric mean concentrations (5th and 95th percentiles) of 1-OHP for these groups were 0.05 (0.01–0.17)
and 0.06 (0.01–0.48) μmol/mol creatinine for evening samples, and 0.05 (0.02–0.12) and 0.05 (0.01–0.42) μmol/mol creatinine
for morning samples. Conclusions: The measurement of α- and β-naphthol urinary concentrations appears to be an approach sufficiently sensitive to reveal differences in low exposure levels
of volatile PAHs due to creosote impregnation plant emissions. However, uptake of pyrene due to the plant was too small to
contribute significantly to 1-OHP excretion.
Received: 13 June 2000 / Accepted: 21 April 2001 |
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Keywords: | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Biological monitoring α - and β -naphthol 1-Hydroxypyrene Environmental exposure |
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