内皮祖细胞移植治疗的研究进展和临床应用前景

内皮损伤或功能缺失会导致宿主发生一系列的心血管疾病如动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、脑卒中、高血压和周围血管疾病等。内皮祖细胞是血管内皮细胞的前体细胞，有早期内皮祖细胞和晚期内皮祖细胞两种类型，两者的功能和表面标志不同。晚期内皮祖细胞主要表达CD133，CD31，KDR，CD144，CD34等表面标志，具有吞噬低密度脂蛋白、结合荆豆凝集素和体内外形成血管的功能。内皮祖细胞不仅参与新血管的形成，与损伤内皮的修复也密切相关。移植的内皮祖细胞能够迁移到血管损伤部位，修复损伤内皮细胞并能促进新血管的形成，在治疗心血管疾病、缺血性疾病上有很大的应用前景。

Research and clinical applications regarding endothelial progenitor cell transplantation

Endothelial injury or dysfunction leads to multiple cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis,myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertension and peripheral vascular disease. Endothelial progenitorcells (EPCs) are precursor cells of endothelial cells, including the early endothelial progenitor cellsand the late endothelial progenitor cells. These two EPC types have different function and surfacemarkers. EPC in this article mainly means late endothelial progenitors which could grow intoendothelial cloning and form vessels in vivo. Late EPCs can express CD133, CD31, KDR, CD144,CD34 etc, take in low density lipoprotein, bind with ulex europaeus lectin 1 and form blood vesselsin vitro and in vivo. EPCs not only participate in new blood vessels formation, but also are closelyrelated to the repair of damaged endothelium. Many studies confirm that the transplanted EPCsare able to be mobilized to vascular injury location and repair the damaged endothelial cells thuspromote new blood vessel formation, which provides a promising strategy for the treatment ofcardiovascular diseases and ischemic diseases.