高低频超声对新生儿脑发育与孕周、出生体质量的评估价值

目的：探讨高低频超声对新生儿脑发育与孕周、出生体质量的评估价值。方法：选择2016年6月至2018年6月在我院新生儿重症监护室住院的100例患儿进行研究。根据出生时孕周将患儿分为4组,A组：29~32周(4例),B组32~34周(18例),C组34~36周(20例),D组36周以上(58例)。对所有新生儿均行高、低频超声联合颅脑检测。对比不同孕周新生儿出生体质量、不同脑组织超声平均灰度值、胼胝体及小脑蚓部长度。并对孕周、出生体质量与胼胝体及小脑蚓部长度、不同脑组织超声平均灰度值进行相关性分析。结果：不同孕周新生儿性别对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同孕周新生儿出生体质量对比具显著性差异,A组新生儿体质量最低,其次为B组与C组,D组体质量最大(P<0.05),B组与C组新生儿出生体质量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。不同孕周新生儿丘脑基底节、额叶白质、枕叶白质、胼胝体长度及小脑蚓部长度差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),胼胝体及小脑蚓部长度从小到大均依次为A组、B组、C组与D组,不同脑组织超声平均灰度值从小到大一次位D组、C组、B组、A组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示孕周及出生体质量与丘脑基底节、额叶白质、枕叶白质平均灰度值呈显著负相关(r<0,P<0.05),与胼胝体长度、小脑蚓部长度均呈显著的正相关关系(r>0,P<0.05)。结论：高低频颅脑超声可对新生儿不同脑组织平均灰度值及胼胝体长度、小脑蚓部长度进行检测,可为临床上新生儿脑发育提供可靠的评估依据,减少分析的主观性。

The value of high and low frequency ultrasound in the evaluation of neonatal brain development, gestational age and birth weight

Objective: To explore the value of high and low frequency ultrasound in the evaluation of neonatal brain development, gestational age and birth weight.Methods: A total of 100 children hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 were enrolled.According to the gestational age at birth, the children were divided into 4 groups: group A: 29~32 weeks (4 cases), group B 32~34 weeks (18 cases), group C 34~36 weeks (20 cases), group D 36 More than week (58 cases).High and low frequency ultrasound combined with brain detection were performed in all newborns.Compare the birth weight of newborns in different gestational weeks, the average gray value of different brain tissue, the length of the corpus callosum and cerebellum.Correlation analysis was performed on the gestational age, the birth weight, the length of the corpus callosum and cerebellum, and the average gray value of different brain tissues.Results: There was no significant difference in gender contrast between the different gestational weeks (P>0.05). There was a significant difference in the birth weight of newborns in different gestational weeks. The newborns in group A had the lowest body weight, followed by group B and group C. The body mass of group D was the largest (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the birth weight between group B and group C (P>0.05). The differences of neonatal thalamic basal ganglia, frontal white matter, occipital white matter, corpus callosum length and cerebellar vermis length were statistically significant (P<0.05). The lengths of corpus callosum and cerebellar vermis were from group A to group A. In group B, group C and group D, the mean gray value of the same brain tissue from small to large was in group D, group C, group B and group A, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the gestational age and birth weight were significantly negatively correlated with the average gray value of the basal ganglia, frontal white matter and occipital white matter (r<0, P<0.05), and the length of the corpus callosum and the length of the cerebellum. There was a significant positive correlation (r>0, P<0.05).Conclusion: High and low frequency brain ultrasound can detect the average gray value, carcass length and cerebellar crest length of different brain tissues of newborns, which can provide a reliable evaluation basis for clinical brain development and reduce the subjectivity of analysis.