福建省AIDS流行特征及趋势分析

目的分析福建省艾滋病病毒／艾滋病(HIV／AIDS)流行现状、特征、影响因素及趋势，为制定AIDS防治策略提供依据。方法对全省1987～2003年AIDS常规监测、高危人群哨点监测、流行病学调查及实验室资料进行分析。结果自1987年发现首例AIDS病人至2003年底，累计报告发现HIV抗体阳性者457例，其中AIDS病人155例，死亡110例。HIV感染者／AIDS病例主要分布在福州、泉州等沿海经济发达地区，从境外感染为主转向境内蔓延扩散，经异性性接触感染是福建省HIV传播的主要途径，并已出现母婴传播的病例。HIV-1E亚型是福建省主要流行株。结论福建省AIDS流行速度明显加快，在静脉吸毒人群中也存在流行的危险，应采取措施预防HIV从商危人群向一般人群传播，加大健康教育、行为干预和监测力度。

Analysis of HIV/AIDS prevalence features and trend in Fujian Province

objective To analyze the HIV/AIDS prevalence situation and trend as well as related factors in Fujian Province from 1987 to 2003 and provide evidence for HIV/AIDS prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of routine surveillance,sentinel surveillance for high risk population,epidemiology surveys,as well as laboratory testing records were collected and analyzed.Results Since the first AIDS case was found in 1987,the total number of HIV antibody positive cases reached 457 by the end of 2003;155 cases were AIDS patients and 110 cases died.The HIV/AIDS cases were mainly distributed in economic developed coastal areas,such as Fuzhou and Quanzhou cities.The magority of cases were infected abroad and the number of HIV carriers spreading locally from abroad was increasing.The major route of transmission was through heterosexual contact.The cases of mother to child transmission were discovered in Fujian.The dominant strain of HIV-1 was subtype E.Conclusion The HIV/AIDS epidemic has significantly increased at a higher speed in recent years in Fujian and there exists the risk of spreading HIV in injecting drug users.Effective preventive measures should be adopted immediately to interrupt HIV spreading from high risk groups to the general population.It is very important to make combination of health education,behavioral intervention and surveillance programs for HIV/AIDS.