两种方法保存同种异体髌腱移植重建膝关节交叉韧带的光镜电镜观察

目的从实验角度观察采用程序冷冻液氮保存和-80℃深低温保存同种异体髌腱及移植重建膝关节交叉韧带后的组织学变化，为临床同种异体腱移植提供理论依据。方法分别将兔的1/2骨-髌腱-骨复合体经程序冷冻液氮保存2周和-80℃深低温保存2周后，观察冻存变化差异并行同种异体移植重建前交叉韧带，分别于术后3周和8周在光镜和电镜下观察其组织学变化。结果光镜和电镜下可见，经程序冷冻液氮保存方法处理后，冷冻损伤较-80℃深低温保存方法轻微； -80℃深低温保存组和程序冷冻液氮保存组的移植物在术后愈合过程中的组织学行为均与自体移植组相似，而程序冷冻液氮保存组更接近于自体移植组。结论经程序冷冻液氮保存和-80℃深低温保存方法冻存的兔异体髌腱重建膝关节交叉韧带后愈合过程和自体韧带移植重建过程相似，但程序冷冻液氮保存法优于传统的-80℃深低温保存法。

Characteristics of microcosmic changes following tendon allograft transplantation preserved by two methods under light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy

To observe the characteristics of microcosmic changes under light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy following tendon allografts transplantation. Methods Bone-Patella tendon Bones (BPTB)of rabbits were kept with -80℃ deep-frozen or liquid nitrogen deep frozen after programme freezing for 2 weeks. Microscopic changes with a light microscope and transmission electron microscope were observed 2 weeks after treatment of the BPTB grafts, and then, the cruciate ligament was reconstructed by an allograft. The microscopically anatomic changes of the grafts were observed with light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy at 3 weeks and 8 weeks. Results① The microscopic characteristics showed that the injury after program freezing and liquid nitrogen deep frozen was slighter than that after the -80℃ deep-frozen method. ② The healing process and histological behavior of the tendon transplantation group were similar with those of the autografting group, however, which was better by liquid nitrogen after program freezing than by -80℃ deep freezing. Conclusions Both methods can be used to preserve the allografts, and the liquid nitrogen deep frozen after programme freezing method is better than the -80℃ deep frozen method.