兔出血性视网膜脱离模型B超与光学相干断层成像观察

目的　观察兔出血性视网膜脱离 (hemorrhagicretinaldetachment,HRD)模型的视网膜脱离状态及视网膜下血液吸收过程。方法　 10只健康青紫蓝兔设立HRD组及肝素盐水组、盐水组、假注射组和正常组 4组对照 ,通过玻璃体腔向视网膜神经感觉层下注射 0 .2mL自体抗凝血制成HRD后 1h ,1、3、7、14和 2 8d行B型超声和光学相干断层成像(opticalcoherencetomography ,OCT)检查。结果　B超显示 :HRD组 :早期呈明显的中高密度回声光带 ,光带与球后壁间为致密回声光点 ,隆起高度逐渐降低 ,14d后光带及光点基本消失 ;对照组视网膜脱离的中高密度回声光带 1d后基本消失。OCT显示 :HRD组 :早期视网膜神经感觉层隆起、增厚 ,随后逐渐变薄 ,2 8d时下方视网膜仍可见隆起的神经感觉层及少量血液 ;视网膜脱离组 :隆起的神经感觉层于 3d后大部分复位 ,脉络膜反光增强。结论　B超及OCT对HRD均能作出较为明确的诊断 ,2者结合可更全面有效的观察到HRD视网膜下血液吸收缓慢 ,视网膜明显变薄。

Observation of hemorrhagic retinal detachment model in rabbits using ultrasound B-scan and optical coherence tomography

Objective To observe the condition of detached retina and the elimination of subretinal hemorrhage in hemorrhagic rentinal detachment (HRD) in rabbits.Methods Ten pigmented rabbits were divided into HRD group and saline with or without heparin sodium, pseudo injection and normal control groups.Ultrasound B scan and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were taken at 1 hour,1 day,3,7,14 and 28 days after the HRD model was set by 0.2 mL anticoagulation autologous blood being transvitreally injected into the subretinal space.Results B scan ultrasonogram revealed that in HRD group, the obvious highly dense reverberating echo band along with tightly clustered echo spots behind it connected to the posterior wall. The elevation almost descended to flat till 14 days,while the band of retinal detachment in control groups nearly disappeared after 1 day. OCT demonstrated that the elevated neurosensory retina of HRD was thicken in the early days and became thinner gradually, even vanished. There was residual subretinal hemorrhage till 28 days. Almost all the neurosensory retina of retinal detachment in the control groups reattached in 3 days, and the reflectivity of choroid increased.Conclusion HRD can be diagnosed by B scan and OCT respectively. It suggests by both of them that the subretinal hemorrhage is eliminated slowly and the retina gets obviously thinner in HRD.