腭裂语音元音共振峰特点的分析

目的　了解腭裂术后患者语音矫治后元音发音的改变,明确语音矫治对腭裂患者语音改善的重要性。方法　应用VS-99语音工作站对10例健康儿童、未进行语音训练的33例腭裂术后患者及16例语音矫治后患者的4个单元音[a]、[e]、[i]、[u]发音进行语音分析。结果　①元音[a]前3个共振峰频率(F1,F2,F3)平均值,3组间无显著件差异(P>0.05)。②元音[e]的F1,F2,F3平均值,语音矫治前组与对照组,矫治前组与矫治后组比较,均有显著性差异(P<0.05);而矫治后组与对照组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。③元音[i]的F1,F2,F3平均值,矫治前组与矫治后组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),矫治后组与对照组比较F2、F3有显著性差异(P<0·05)。④元音[u] 的F1,F2,F3平均值,矫治前组与矫治后组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),其他各组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论　腭裂修复术可使患者达到解剖结构上的正常或接近正常,但未达到完善的腭咽闭合,因而需要语音矫治与训练;语音矫治后患者语音有明显改善;通过语音频谱的分析,可为语音矫治提供依据。

The Analysis of Formant Characteristics of Vowels in the Speech of Patient with Cleft Palate

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the formant frequency of vowels in the sequence therapy of patient with cleft palate. METHODS: The formant frequency of vowels [a], [e], [i], [u] of normal children and postoperative patients with and without speech therapy was measured and analyzed by VS-99. RESULTS: 1. The mean value of F1, F2, F3 of [a] did not show significant difference among the three groups (P > 0.05). 2. The difference of mean value of [e] was significant between control group and pre-speech-therapy group, and between pre-speech-therapy and post-speech-therapy group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was found between post-speech-therapy and control group(P > 0.05). The mean value of the formant in post-speech-therapy was higher than that of pre-speech-therapy. 3. The difference of mean value of [i] was significant between pre-speech-therapy and post-speech-therapy (P < 0.05), the mean value of F2, F3 in post-speech-therapy group decreased significantly compared with control (P < 0.05). 4. The difference of mean value of [u] showed significance between pre-speech-therapy and post-speech-therapy (P < 0.05), while the differences among other groups were insignificant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Surgical repair of cleft palate cannot make all patients obtain perfect Velopharyngeal competence (VPC), while speech therapy can improve patient's pronunciation. Speech spectrum analysis can judge the effect of cleft palate therapy objectively.