ICU护士职业倦怠及其与离职意愿的相关性调查

目的探讨ICU护士职业倦怠及其与离职意愿之间的关系。方法采用Maslach职业倦怠量表、离职意愿量表对长沙市四所省级综合性三甲医院207名ICU护士进行问卷调查。结果 ICU护士职业倦怠中情绪衰竭维度得分为（23.20±9.71）分、去人格化维度得分为（6.43±5.81）分,均属于中度倦怠;个人成绩感得分为（32.34±9.40）分,属于高度倦怠。76.3%（158名）的ICU护士存在离职意愿,其中17.4%（36名）的ICU护士离职意愿强烈。情绪衰竭和去人格化与离职意愿呈正相关（r=0.531,r=0.384,P〈0.05）,而个人成就感与离职意愿呈负相关（r=-0.310,P〈0.05）。结论 ICU护士职业倦怠较严重,离职意愿率较高。应注意降低ICU护士的职业倦怠感,从而减弱离职意愿,以便有效预防ICU护士离职行为的发生。

Job burnout in ICU nurses and its relationship with turnover intention

Objective To investigate the job burnout and its relationship with turnover intention in nurses in Intensive Care Unit. Methods The Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory and Turnover intention questionnaire were used to conduct a survey in 207 ICU nurses from four provincial third-level comprehensive hospitals in Changsha.Results ＂Emotional exhaustion＂（23.20±9.71） and ＂Depersonalization＂（6.43±5.81） were moderate burnout and＂Personal accomplishment＂（32.34±9.40） was in a high degree of burnout among ICU nurses. 76.3 percentages of the ICU nurses（158） have turnover intention, of which 17.4 percentages（36） hold serious turnover intention. Turnover intention was significantly positive correlation with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization（r=0.531,r=0.384,P〈0.05） and significantly negative correlation with personal accomplishment（r=-0.310,P〈0.05） in ICU nurses.Conclusion The problem of job burnout is serious and the turnover intention is common in ICU nurses. Attention should be paid to reduce the job burnout in ICU nurses and weaken the turnover intention in order to effectively prevent the occurrence of ICU nurses leaving behavior.