妊娠期糖尿病发病的危险因素及干预措施

目的:分析妊娠期糖尿病发病的危险因素及干预措施,以减少妊娠期糖尿病的发生.方法:选取产检孕妇326例作为研究对象,其中妊娠合并糖尿病54例(病例组),非妊娠合并糖尿病272例(对照组),收集孕妇的临床资料,通过单因素、多因素logistic回归分析法分析妊娠期糖尿病发病的影响因素.结果:孕早期空腹血糖高、空腹胰岛素高、胰岛素抵抗指数高以及年龄≥35岁、孕前体质量大、孕前体质量指数大、糖尿病家族史、孕早期体质量增长多、孕中期体质量增长多为影响妊娠期糖尿病发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05～P<0.01).结论:保健工作中在孕前应对育龄妇女开展饮食管理、控制体质量;孕期除控制体质量外,还应增加对早孕期血脂、空腹血糖等的管理措施.

Analysis of risk factors and intervention measures of gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective:To analyze the risk factors and intervention measures of gestational diabetes mellitus,and reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods:Three hundred and twenty-six pregnant women were divided into the pregnancy complicated with diabetes mellitus group(case group,54 cases) and non-pregnant diabetes mellitus group(control group,272 cases). The clinical data of pregnant women were collected,the influencing factors of the incidence of gestational diabetes were analyzed using the single factor and multi-factor logistic regression analysis methods. Results:The high fasting blood glucose in early pregnancy, high fasting insulin level,high insulin resistance index,age≥35,high body mass before pregnancy,high body mass index before pregnancy,family history of diabetes mellitus,high body weight increasing in early pregnancy and high body weight increasing in second trimester were the independent risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus(P <0. 05 to P <0. 01). Conclusions:Developing diet management and controlling body weight during the health care before pregnancy should be implemented. Controlling body weight,blood lipid and fasting blood glucose should be managed in early pregnancy.