绝经后骨质疏松症发病相关危险因素及预防措施研究

目的:探讨绝经后骨质疏松症(PMOP)发病相关危险因素及预防措施.方法:筛选临床确诊为PMOP病人共176例,对所有病人的腰椎和髋骨部位的骨密度进行测量,同时统计所有病人的年龄、体质量、身高、绝经年限、生育情况和运动情况等作为影响因素,使用向后迭代法对影响因素进行考察,以病人骨密度是否减少作为因变量建立定序logistic模型,将通过考察的因素代入模型中进行权重考察,研究各因素对绝经后骨质疏松症发病的相关性,并探讨相关预防措施.结果:最终筛选年龄、体质量、绝经年限、生育情况、饮食习惯、目前运动习惯、年轻时期运动习惯对因变量有显著的解释能力,其中年龄、绝经年限、生育情况与骨质减少情况呈正相关,为发病危险因素,而体质量、饮食情况、目前运动情况和年轻时期运动情况与骨质减少情况呈负相关,是此类疾病的保护因素.结论:改善PMOP病人的饮食结构,适量增加病人体质量和脂肪含量,有效规划病人的日常运动情况能够有效地减慢病人骨密度降低的速度,有效控制PMOP发病率.

Study on the risk factors and preventive measures of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Objective:To investigate the risk factors and preventive measures of postmenopausal osteoporosis( PMOP) . Methods:The bone density of lumbar spine and hip in 176 patients diagnosed by PMOP were measured. The age, height, weight, duration of menopause,fertility and movement in all cases were analyzed. The influencing factors were investigated using backward iteration method. The ordinal logistic model was established using the reduction of bone mineral density as the dependent variable. The examining factors were substituted into the model,the relationship between the related factor and PMOP was analyzed,and the relevant preventive measures were explored. Results:The age,weight,duration of menopause,fertility,eating habits,present exercise habits,young exercise habits had significant explanatory power on the dependent variable. The age, duration of menopause and fertility were positively correlated to the bone reduce,and risk factors of disease. The body weight,diet,present movement and youth movement were negatively correlated with the bone reduction,and protective factors of disease. Conclusions:Improving the diet structure,increasing the weight and fat content and effective planning the daily movement of PMOP patients can effectively reduce the falling speed of bone mineral density, and control the incidence of PMOP.