前列腺癌癌基因表达和DNA倍体分析

８８例前列腺癌组织应用免疫组化、图像分析及流式细胞仪（ＦＣＭ）方法，检测癌基因Ｐ~（５３），ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２及增殖细胞核抗原ＰＣＮＡ的表达及ＤＮＡ含量。Ｐ~（５３）异常表达率为２８％（２５／８８），ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２过度表达率为６８％（６０／８８）．ＰＣＮＡ（＞５０％）增殖指数值为７４％（６５／８８）．与对照组前列腺良性增生及正常前列腺组织中呈阴性反应对比有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），与癌组织分化程度、临床分期及ＤＮＡ含量无明显相关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。７７例癌旁前列腺基底细胞异型增生上皮中有９例（１２％）亦显示Ｐ~（５３），ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２及ＰＣＮＡ的异常表达，提示该异型增生的基底细胞具有恶性表型。表明前列腺癌中Ｐ~（５３），ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２及ＰＣＮＡ的异常表达与癌发生有一定关系，以ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２过度表达尤为重要，３种抗体的联合应用可作为前列腺癌的肿瘤标志物，对前列腺癌发病机理研究及预测早癌发生有一定价值，但作为患者预后判断的指标尚显不足。

Expression of P~(53), c-erb B-2 , PCNA Proteins and DNA Ploidy Analysis in Prostate Carcinoma

Expression of P53, c-erb B-2, and PCNA proteins was studied in prostate tissues from 88 patients with primary advanced prostate carcinomas, 12 with BPH, and 10 normal prostate for comparison by means of immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Strong nucleus statining was found in 28% (25/88) of tumors for P53 protein, 68%(60/88) of tumors for membrane bound c-erb B-2 oncoprotein, and 74% (65/88) of tumors for high (>50%) PCNA proliferating cell index. The c-erb B-2 overexpression is more frequent than abnormal P53 expression. More prostate carcinomas were stained compared with benign lesions or normal prostate control (P<0.05).No statistical association was found between P53 and/or c-erb B-2 expression and histologic grade, clinical stages, or the age of patients, as no statistically significant differences were found between P53 and/or c-erb B-2 and DNA ploidy, PCNA index ,and S-phase fraction measured by FCM. The atypical basal cell or transitional cell hyperplasia adjacent to tumor showed P53 protein immunoreactivity in 12%(9177), as well as with c-erb B-2 expression, and high PCNA index. The result provides evidence that the atypical basal cell or transitional cell hyperplasia might accompany the premalignant phenotype, and correlate with basal cell prostate carcinoma. The application of P53, c-erb B-2 and PCNA protein co-expression seems to be a superior methods for investigating the pathogenesis of prostate carcinoma and distinguishing a typical hyperplasia and early prostate carcinoma.