三种大环内酯类药物对金葡菌和粪肠球菌的抗生素后效应

目的：研究测定了红霉素、罗红霉素、阿齐霉素对两种常见致病菌金葡菌和粪肠球菌的抗生素后效应（ＰＡＥ）。方法：应用分光光度测定法，通过实验组、对照组吸光度的变化来确定ＰＡＥ。结果：３种大环内酯类抗生素各浓度组均呈现明显的ＰＡＥ，对金葡菌的ＰＡＥ要长于粪肠球菌。随着药物浓度的增加，ＰＡＥ明显延长。特别是罗红霉素、阿齐霉素对金葡菌，红霉素、阿齐霉素对粪肠球菌，其ＰＡＥ与药物浓度呈显著相关性（相关系数均大于０．９２）。在亚ＭＩＣ时，３种药物也都产生较长的ＰＡＥ。结论：３种抗菌药物对金葡菌与粪肠球菌可产生显著的ＰＡＥ效应，为新大环内酯类药物减少临床给药次数，延长给药间隔提供了药效学依据。

Post antibiotic effects induced by macrolides against Staphylococcus aureus and Entrococci faecalis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the post antibiotic effects (PAE) induced by erythromycin (EM), roxithromycin (RXM) and azithromycin (AZM) against Staphylococcus aureus and Entrococci faecalis. METHODS: We determined the PAE by spectrophotometric method. RESULTS: Marked PAE were induced by each concentration of EM, RXM and AZM. The PAE against Staphylococcus aureus was longer than the antibiotics against Entrococci faecalis in corresponding group. Moreover, following the increasing concentrations, the PAE was notably prolonged. The PAE of RXM and AZM against Staphylococcus aureus, and EM and AZM against Entrococci faecalis were strongly concentration dependent and all antibiotics tested had long PAE even in sub MIC concentrations. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that PAE could be considered as an effective pharmacodynamical parameter. Moreover, longer dose interval of macrolides was recommended.