2011年我院病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的了解我院感染患者病原菌分布及耐药性特征,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2011年我院感染患者分离病原菌菌种分布、标本来源和耐药性进行统计分析。结果 2011年我院共分离病原菌4 448株,革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌、真菌分别占52.8%、27.3%、19.9%;排名前5位的病原菌依次为克雷伯菌属、白色假丝酵母菌、肠杆菌属、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌;病原菌分离标本75.4%来源于痰标本;革兰阴性菌除对亚胺培南、阿米卡星敏感率较高外,对其他常用抗菌药物耐药率较高;革兰阳性菌对常用抗菌药物不同程度耐药,但未发现万古霉素耐药株。结论我院病原菌多重耐药现象严重,重视病原学检查和耐药性监测,以及合理使用抗菌药物,对减少耐药菌产生具有重要意义。

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in our hospital in 2011

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens separated from infection patients in our hospital,to provide scientific basis for clinical rational application of antibacterial drugs.Methods Retrospective investigation method was used to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria,specimen source and drug resistance,which separated from infected patients in our hospital in 2011.Results Among 4 448 strains of pathogens,the isolated rates of Gramnegative bacteria,Gram-positive bacteria and fungus were 52.8%,27.3%,19.9%;the top five pathogenic bacteria was Klebsiella,Candida albicans,Enterobacter,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in turn;75.4% pathogenic bacteria specimens was separated from sputum samples;Gram-negative bacteria was highly sensitive to Imipenem and Amikacin, but it was resistant to other common antibacterial drugs;Gram-positive bacteria had different degrees of drug resistance to common antibacterial drugs,which was highly sensitive to Vancomycin.Conclusion Multiple drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is serious in our hospital.Under this situation,etiological examination,surveillance of drug resistance and rational use of antibacterial drugs have great significance to reduce the production of drug resistant bacteria.