面神经和位听神经在脑桥小脑角及内耳道的显微外科解剖

用手术显微镜观察了成年头颅标本33个(66侧)面神经的运动根、感觉根(中间神经)和位听神经。1.面神经和位听神经自脑干至内耳道底平均长20.52mm。2.面神经运动根丝1根55侧、2根8侧、3根3侧。运动根自发出点至与中间神经联合点平均长14.86mm。3.中间神经近侧段、中间段、远侧段平均长分别为4.95、9.36、6.45mm。中间神经中间段1根束30侧、2根束28侧、3根束6侧,4根束2侧。中间神经可分为A、B、C、D、E、F 6型。4.位听神经根据分出蜗神经和前庭神经顺序,可分为A、B、C、D 4型。本文联系中间神经切除术,讨论了中间神经的分型、经过、根数和交通支的临床应用意义。

MICROSURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE FACIAL AND THE VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVES AT THE PONTOCEREBELLAR ANGLE AND THE INTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS

The facial and vestibulocochlear nerves were studied on both sides of 33 adult heads. The results obtained were as follows: (1) The facial nerve and the vestibulocochlear nerve averaged 20.52mm in total length from the brain stem to the distal end of the internal acoustic meatus. (2) The motor root with one rootlet in 55 sides, two in 8 sides, three in 3 sides. The average length from its origin to the junction with the nervus intermedius was 14.86mm. (3) The nervus intermedius may be divided into three segments. The average length of the proximal segment, the intermediate segment and the distal segment were 4.95mm, 9.36mm and 6.45mm respectively. The intermediate segment consisted of one to four rootlets. In 30 sides there were only one rootlet, two in 28 sides, three in 6 sides, four in two sides. The nervus intermedius may be classified into six types (A, B, C, D, E, F). (4) Based on the sequence of giving rise to the cochlear nerve and the vestibular nerve, the vestibulocochlear nerve may be grouped into four types (A, B, C, D). In relation to the resection of the nervus intermedius, the clinical significances of its type, course, rootlets and communicating branches were discussed.