宫颈癌的手术治疗

宫颈癌是常见的女性生殖道恶性肿瘤类型，主要治疗手段为手术和放射治疗，其中手术治疗用于早期、主要是Ⅰ~ⅡA期的宫颈癌患者，而放射治疗用于ⅡB期及以上的局部晚期宫颈癌患者。换言之，手术治疗是早期宫颈癌患者的首选治疗手段。随着宫颈癌筛查的普及及筛查策略的改进，更多的早期患者得到诊断，加之宫颈癌发病的年轻化和治疗后长期生存率提高，患者对治愈后生活质量的要求也提高，因此宫颈癌的手术方式亦发生了很多变化。尽管传统的宫颈癌根治术和双侧盆腔淋巴结清扫术仍然常用，但保留生理和生育功能的手术治疗已取得了极大的进展。

The surgical treatment of cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the genital tract of female. The primary treatment is surgery for the patients with early stage cervical cancer from stage I to stage IIA or radiation therapy for the patients with stage IIB and more advanced cervical cancer. In other words, radical surgery is a better choice for earlier stage patients. More patients were diagnosed at an earlier stage with the popularity of cervical cancer screening and the improvement of the screening strategy. Meanwhile, a lot of changes have happened for the radical surgeries of cervical cancer since the rising of the morbidity in younger patients and the long-term survival rate after treatment and the increase of requirements of the patients for better quality of life of post-cure. Although traditional radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy are still popular in primary surgery treatment, great progress has been made in the surgical treatment which can maintain the physiological and reproductive function.