1310例经纤维支气管镜确诊肺癌的分析

目的　探讨肺癌的病理分型与性别、年龄、生长部位及临床诊断的关系。方法　对经纤维支气管镜 (FB)活检确诊的13 10例肺癌进行回顾性分析。结果　①临床初诊肺癌与纤支镜活检后病理证实为肺癌的符合率小细胞癌最高。②男性鳞癌的比例 (78.0 % )明显高于女性 (49.7% ) ,腺癌 (13 .1% )明显低于女性 (3 8.1% ) (P <0 .0 0 0 1)。③肺癌患者 40～ 5 9岁、60岁以上的比例分别为 5 3 .7%和 40 .2 %。男性肺癌患者的平均年龄 (5 6.9岁 )显著高于女性 (5 1.1岁 ) (P <0 .0 0 0 1) ;④男性患者平均年龄鳞癌和腺癌较高 ,女性小细胞癌和鳞癌较高。⑤肺癌男性左侧的比例 (3 7.3 % )显著高于女性 (2 6.0 % ) ,而右侧 (49.3 % )低于女性 (5 9.7% )。男性肺癌患者右上叶和左上叶居多 (45 .4% ) ,女性肺癌患者右上、下叶居多 (43 .3 % )。结论　①纤支镜检查并活检对肺癌的确诊有重要意义。②不同性别、不同年龄的肺癌患者其病理分型及生长部位也各有特点 ,这为肺癌的内科治疗及外科手术定位提供了准确依据。

Retrospective analyses of 1 310 cases of lung cancer diagnosed with fibrobronchoscopy

Objective　To explore the relationship of pathological types of lung cancer with sex, age, site, and clinical diagnosis. Methods　The data of 1 310 patients with lung cancer diagnosed with fibrobronchoscopy, was retrospectively analyzed. Results　①The preliminary clinical diagnosed lung cancers which were comfirmed by fibrobronchoscopic biopsy later were mainly small cell lung cancer. ②The percentage of squamous carcinoma was significantly greater in male (78.0%) than in female (49.7%), but the percentage of adenocarcinoma was significantly higher in female (38.1%) than in male (13.1%)(P<0.0001). ③Among the patients with lung cancer, 53.7% was from 40 to 59 years old and 40.2% over 60. The average age of male patients (56.9 years old) was significantly greater than that of female (51.1 years old) (P<0.0001). ④ The average age of patients with squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma was greater in male than in female, but that with small cell carcinoma and squamous carcinoma was greater in female than in male. ⑤The percentage of male with lung cancer in the left lung (37.3%) was greater than that of female (26.0%), but the female had lung cancer in the right lung (59.7%) while male had (49.3%). The left and right upper lobe was more (45.4%) in male, but the right upper and lower lobe was more(43.3%) in female. Conclusion　①The fibrobronchoscopic examination is very important in the diagnosis of lung cancer. ②The pathological types and sites of lung cancer is different in different sex and age, which provide the exact bases for medical and surgical treatment for lung cancer.