北京市顺义区成人居民血脂异常患病现状及膳食影响因素研究

目的了解北京市顺义区成人血脂异常患病现状及膳食影响因素。方法采用随机整群分层抽样的调查方法对顺义区18岁以上常住居民进行膳食及生活习惯问卷调查,医学体检,测量其血浆总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇,比较血脂正常与异常人群膳食影响因素的差异性。结果顺义区946名成人中有466名居民血脂异常,血脂异常的检出率为49.3%。其中有26名混合型高脂血症患者,混合型高脂血症的检出率为2.7%。农村地区成人的能量、脂肪、碳水化合物要明显高于城市地区(P<0.05),成人膳食钠、植物油、食盐的摄入量均超过了《中国居民膳食指南》中推荐标准。血脂异常患者与正常人群脂肪与碳水化合物的供能比存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,腰围、体重、脂肪、胆固醇的高摄入量是顺义区居民血脂异常的危险因素,而烟酸、维生素C的高摄入量是血脂异常的保护因素。结论北京市顺义区成人血脂异常与膳食结构密切相关,不合理的膳食生活方式可能是造成血脂异常的主要因素。

Study on the prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated dietary risk factors among adults in Shunyi District of Beijing

Objective To study the prevalence of dyslipidemia and explore dietary related factors of dyslipidemia among residents aged over 18-year-old in Shunyi District of Beijing.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling was used in this study which select the residents who aged above 18 years old in Shunyi District to do a well-designed questionnaire and physical examination.the cholesterol(TC),triglycemide(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) were measured and statistical processed in order to analyze the differences of dietary influencing factors between the dyslipidemia and normal population.Results The detection rates of dyslipidemia and combined dyslipidemia in Shunyi adults were 49.3% and 2.7%.The adults' intake of energy,fat and carbohydrate in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban residents(P<0.05).The intake of sodium,vegetable oil and salt all exceeded the standard of Dietary Guidelines for Chinese.There were significant difference in the contribute rate of fat and carbohydrate in total energy between the the dyslipidemia and normal population.The multi-factor Logistic Analysis showed that higher BMI,waist circumference,weight,fat,cholesterol were the risk factors of dyslipidemia.,dietary niacin and vitamin C are protective factors for adults' dyslipidemia.Conclusion The dyslipidemia among residents in Shunyi District of Beijing and their Dietary Structure is closely related.The unreasonable dietary structure and lifestyle maybe the main factor of dyslipidemia.