膀胱小细胞神经内分泌癌1例报告并文献复习

目的：探讨膀胱小细胞神经内分泌癌的病理及临床特征，提高对该病的认识和诊洽水平。方法：介绍1例94岁高龄膀胱小细胞神经内分泌癌患者的诊治情况及病理特点，并复习有关文献，分析该肿瘤的组织来源、病理和免疫组化特征、诊治及预后情况。结果：本例行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术，术后病理诊断为小细胞神经内分泌癌。免疫组化染色示肿瘤细胞表达神经内分泌标记物NSE和CgA，肿瘤标志物Ki-67、C-erB-2、P53表达阳性，PSA、Syn表达阴性。患者术后1个月死亡。结论：膀胱小细胞神经内分泌癌是一种比较少见的高度恶性肿瘤，主要依靠病理及免疫组化诊断，早期膀胱镜检查及活检有助于诊断。

Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Bladder:A New Case Report and Review of the Literature

Objective：To study the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder（SCNECB）and to improve the diagnosis and treatment. Methods： The pathological and clinical characteristics of a 94-year-old male patient with SCNECB were described,and then the histogenesis,the pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics, the diagnosis and prognosis were analyzed by summarizing the clinical data literatures. Results：The patient was treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor. The postoperative pathology showed the SCNECB. The tumor was immunohistochemically stained for neuroendocrine markers neuron-specific enolase（NSE） and chromogranin A（CgA）, but negative for synaptophysin （Syn）. It also were positive for Ki-67, C-erB-2 and P53. The case died one month postoperatively without any chemotherapy . Conclusions： Small celi neuroendocrine carcinoma is a rare and high malignant bladder cancer with specific pathological characteristics. Final diagnosis lies on pathology and immunohistochemistry. Early diagnosis by cystoscopy and biopsy is suggested for the poor prognosis.