康复训练对慢性精神分裂症患者临床疗效及日常生活能力的影响

目的 探讨康复训练对长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者的临床疗效及日常生活能力和社会功能的影响.方法 将80例慢性精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,每组40例,两组均常规应用抗精神病药物治疗及护理,研究组联合康复训练,观察6个月.于康复训练前及训练6个月末采用阳性与阴性症状量表评定临床疗效,日常生活能力量表及护士用住院病人观察量表评定日常生活能力和社会功能.结果 康复训练6个月末,两组日常生活能力量表评分均较治疗前显著下降(P＜0.05或0.01),研究组较对照组下降更显著(P＜0.01);研究组护士用住院病人观察量表病情总估计、总积极因素、社会能力、社会兴趣、个人整洁因子分均较训练前显著升高,且均高于对照组(P＜0.01);总消极因素、激惹、精神病表现、抑郁、迟滞因子分均显著低于训练前,且均低于对照组(P＜0.05或0.01).研究组阳性与阴性症状量表总分及各因子分均较训练前有显著下降(P＜0.01),且均显著低于对照组(P＜0.01).结论 慢性精神分裂症患者在药物治疗基础上联合康复训练,能显著缓解各种精神症状,提高日常生活能力,改善社会功能.

Effects of rehabilitation training on efficacy and activity of daily living of chronic schizophrenics

Objective To Explore the effects of rehabilitation training on efficacy, activity of daily living and social function of chronic schizophrenics of long-term hospitalization. Methods Eighty patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly divided into two groups of 40 ones each, both groups received routine antipsychotic treatment and nursing, and research group was plus rehabilitation training for 6 months. Clinical efficacies were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） , activity of daily living and social function with the Activites of Daily Living Scale （ADL） and Nurses＇ Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation （NOSIE） before and after rehabilitation training. Results After 6-month rehabilitation training, the ADL scores of both groups lowered more significantly compared with pretreatment （P〈0.05 or 0.01） and so did those in the research than in the control group （P〈0.01） ; such factor score were significantly higher in the research compared pretreatment and than in the control group （P〈20.01） as total estimate of the disease, total positive factor, social competence, social interest and individual neat; those lower in the research compared pretreatment and than in the control group （P〈0.05 or 0.01） as total negative factor, irritation, psychotic manifest, depression and retardation. Total and each factor score of the PANSS lowered more significantly in the research compared with pretreatment and than in the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Drugs plus rehabilitation training can relieve various kinds of symptoms, improve activity of daily living and social function in chronic schizophrenia patients.