由平原进入高海拔地区施工人员血压动态变化情况研究

目的观察由平原进入高海拔地区施工人员血压动态变化情况。方法通过设计专门的调查表,并由指定的研究人员,通过培训后对由平原进入高海拔地区施工人员的"亚习服期"血压进行测定,测定的时间点分别为平原、进入高原3 d、7 d、15 d、30 d、60 d。结果施工人员由平原进入高原后,在"亚习服期"即出现血压明显改变,其中进入高原第3天及第7天与平原比较具有显著差异,后逐渐下降,至第30天时血压开始接近平原水平,而至第60天时血压再次高于第30天和平原血压。与平原比较第3天(P<0.01),第7天(P<0.05)有显著差异;在1 000例对象中,高原高血压发病人数202例,患病率为20.2%,且高空作业人群高原高血压的发病显著高于地面作业人群(P<0.01),高原高血压的患病率随海拔高度增加而增高。结论高海拔地区施工人员在"亚习服期"即出现高原高血压,且其患病率随海拔高度的增加而升高。

Dynamic changes of blood pressure in construction workers moved from plain to high-altitude areas

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of blood pressure in construction workers who moved from plain to high - alti- tude areas. Methods Through the design of a special questionaire and training of designated researchers, blood pressure of construction workers who moved from plain to the high - altitude areas was measured during the sub - acclimatization period. The time points of the measurement were day 0 （ in plain）, and 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after moving to high - altitude areas respectively. Results Significant changes in blood pressure were observed in sub -acclimatization period. Compared with the blood pressure in plain, the blood pressure was significantly increased on day 3 （ P 〈0.01） and day 7（ P 〈0.05）, then gradually decreased to the level close to the plain on day 30. The blood pressure on day 60 was again higher than that in plain and on day 30. The incidence of high - altitude hypertension was 20.2 % （202/1 000）. The incidence of high - altitude hypertension in workers exposed to high - altitude plateau was significantly higher than that in local workers（ P 〈0.01 ）, and the prevalence rate of high - altitude hypertension increased with the increase of the altitude. Conclusion High - altitude hypertension occurs in people who work in high - altitude areas in the ＂sub - acclimatization period＂ and the incidence increases with increased altitude.