| Abstract: | Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) obtained from a single donor of the iliac crest, was further investigated for the cell proliferation, cell cycle profiles, gene expressions and the ultrastructures by electron microscopy. The hMSCs significantly increased the cell number by day 2 after by treatment of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐2 alone, or basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) alone or combination of both in the serum‐free condition (P < 0.01). The hMSCs demonstrated the remarkable proliferation cell nuclear antigen notably at day 1 and pituitary tumor transforming gene all through the experiment, suggesting the cell cycle progression by BMP‐2 treatment as well as the strong cellular nuclear BrdU expression by immunocytochemistry. The fluorescence‐activated cell sorter also demonstrated the similar pattern of the cell cycle progression between BMP‐2 treatment in the serum‐free and 10 % fetal bovine serum treatment. The BMP‐2 treated hMSCs demonstrated the heterochromatin in the nucleus, suggesting the cell differentiation and the well‐developed granular endoplasmic reticulums, indicating the protein production. The hMSCs successfully proliferate, the cell cycle is progressed, and the cell ultrastructure morphology suggest the remarkable nuclear and of granular endoplasmic reticulum induction by BMP‐2 treatment in the serum‐free condition. |
