Comparative study to determine the need for intraoperative colonic irrigation for primary anastomosis in left-sided colonic emergencies

Objective  To compare the outcome of resection and primary anastomoses in patients undergoing emergency surgery of the left colon with and without intraoperative colonic irrigation.
Method  From January 2004 to December 2006, 102 consecutive patients with acute occlusion or perforation of the left colon were operated on an emergency basis in two Coloproctology units. According to the sample size calculation, 61 patients from one unit underwent surgery with intraoperative colonic irrigation, whereas 41 patients from the second unit underwent surgery without intraoperative colonic irrigation. The endpoints were mortality and morbidity.
Results  Thirty (49.2%) patients with intraoperative colonic irrigation and 8 (19.5%) without colonic irrigation developed one or more complications postoperatively (odds ratio 4.0, 95% CI 1.6–10.0, P  = 0.002). An increased number of wound infections was seen in the group managed with colonic irrigation 15 vs 3 ( P  = 0.034). The postoperative mortality rate and the occurrence of dehiscence of the anastomoses were similar in both study groups.
Conclusion  The present findings indicate that resection and primary anastomosis in patients undergoing emergency surgery of the left colon can be safely performed without intraoperative colonic irrigation.