脂质体介导外源基因体外转染精子的研究

目的 为探索精子作为外源基因的载体建立转基因小鼠的可行性。 方法 我们从性成熟小鼠的输精管及部分附睾管中取出精子，与阳离子脂质体包裹的DNA混合孵育之后将其注入超排卵小鼠的阴道内，48 h后收集II细胞期胚胎细胞。结果 (1) 精子可转染上外源DNA，转染率达53%；(2) 转染有外源DNA的精子可使II细胞期胚胎携带上外源基因，携带率为11.5%。结论 小鼠输精管及附睾管内的精子可被脂质体包裹的外源DNA转染并可作为载体将此外源DNA带入早期胚胎。

Transfection of mouse sperms in vitro with foreign gene mediated by liposome

Objective To explore the feasibility of sperms used as carriers of foreign gene for generating transgenic mice. Methods The sperms were taken from the vas deferens and ductus epididymidis of mature mice, incubated with foreign plasmid DNA covered by liposome and injected into the vagina of super-ovulated female mice. Forty hours later the 2-cell embryos were collected for test. Results The results showed that: (1) The sperms could be transfected by foreign DNA and the ratio of transfection was 53%; (2) The 2-cell embryos could carry foreign DNA from the sperms transfected and the frequency of carrying was 11.5%. Conclusion Sperms from mouse vas deferens and ductus epididymidis can be transfected by foreign DNA covered by liposome and can be used as the vehicle to carry the foreign DNA into early embryo.