穿心莲现代研究进展

穿心莲为爵床科穿心莲属植物,传统中医理论认为其具有清热解毒、凉血、消肿的功效,可用于感冒发热、咽喉肿痛、口舌生疮、顿咳劳嗽、泄泻痢疾、热淋涩痛、痈肿疮疡、蛇虫咬伤等。现代研究表明穿心莲中含有二萜内酯类、黄酮类、苯丙素类、环烯醚萜类、生物碱等成分;初步药理研究证明其具有抗炎、抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、保护心血管、降糖、抑制血小板聚集、保肝等功效。穿心莲广泛分布于热带、亚热带区域,20世纪50年代从东南亚引入我国,在我国广西、广东、四川、安徽、福建等省份均有栽培,由于其价格低廉,药理作用显著,为多种复方所收录,近年来对穿心莲的质量控制研究也越来越多,质控成分从两个成分(穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内脂)到多个成分的控制;质控方法也从薄层扫描法,HPLC法拓展到更多其他准确、快速、可靠的检测方法。该文从本草考证和资源分布、化学成分、药理作用、质量分析等方面就穿心莲近年来的国内外研究进行综述,为其深入研究与开发提供参考。

Development of Modern Research on Andrographis paniculate

Andrographis paniculata,a member of the family Acanthaceae,with functions of clearing heat and detoxifying,cooling blood and eliminating swelling in traditional Chinese medicine,is commonly used for the treatment of fever,cold,throat sores,aphtha of the mouth and tongue,whooping cough,dysentery,diarrhea,pyretic stranguria pain,welling-abscess swellings and sores,snake bites and so on. Modern research shows that A. paniculata contains diterpenoids,flavonoids,phenylpropanoids,iridoids and alkaloids; the preliminary pharmacological research has shown that it has anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,anti-tumor,antiviral,protecting cardiovascular,hypoglycemic,inhibiting platelet aggregation,protecting liver and other activities. A. paniculata is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. It was introduced from southeast Asia to China in the 1950s and cultivated in Guangxi,Guangdong,Sichuan,Anhui and Fujian provinces. It has been included in many compound formulae due to its low price and significant pharmacological activities. In recent years,more and more researches are on the quality control of A. paniculata. The quality ingredients are changed from two components(andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide) to multiple components.The quality control methods also extend from thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to more accurate,rapid and reliable detection methods. In this review,the latest studies both at home and abroad about the herbal textual research,resource distribution,chemical constituents,pharmacological effects and quality analysis of A. paniculata would be reviewed and discussed in order to offer some reference for further studies and development.