睡眠剥夺动物模型及其在中医药改善睡眠研究中的应用

整理国内外常用的睡眠剥夺模型建立方法,并探讨其在中医药改善睡眠研究中的应用,为从中医药角度建立新型且更可靠的睡眠剥夺模型做好理论基础。查阅近15年内睡眠剥夺模型建立及应用的相关文献,归纳总结国内外主要的睡眠剥夺模型及其原理和优缺点并给出模型的改进方法,并结合其在中医药改善睡眠相关研究中的应用,比较模型在中医证型方面中各自的不同之处。结果表明啮齿类动物睡眠剥夺模型主要有水平台剥夺模型、应激剥夺模型、强迫运动剥夺模型、化学刺激剥夺模型、轻柔刺激剥夺模型等;果蝇睡眠剥夺模型主要有机械剥夺模型、夜间重复光照剥夺模型、基因修饰法等;中医药改善睡眠研究中的睡眠剥夺动物模型主要包括阴虚失眠模型、肝郁失眠模型、心肾不交失眠模型等。不同动物睡眠剥夺模型有各自优缺点,在进行中医药改善睡眠研究时需根据具体情况灵活选择,其与中医证型结合方面有待完善;现有的睡眠剥夺模型大多在准确性和稳定性方面均有欠缺,影响实验结果的可靠性;睡眠剥夺模型致力于结合基本模型与中医失眠证型表现,而睡眠剥夺模型在中医药方面的应用尚不十分广泛,建立符合中医药研究思路的睡眠剥夺模型应是中医药改善睡眠研究中的重点。

Animal Models of Sleep Deprivation and Application in Studies of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Improving Sleep Function

To summarize the common methods of establishing the animal models of sleep deprivation, investigate their application in the studies of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with improving sleep function, and make a theoretical basis for establishment of a novel and more reliable sleep deprivation model from the aspect of TCM.Relevant papers on the establishment and application of sleep deprivation models in the past 15 years were consulted. Then the principles, advantages and disadvantages of the animal models of sleep deprivation were summarizedto provide improving methods. Based on their application in the study of TCM with improving sleep function, the models were compared between various TCM syndromes.The results showed that the main models of sleep deprivation in rodents (rats or mice) included horizontal stand deprivation model, stress deprivation model, forced motion deprivation model, chemical stimulation deprivation modelandgentle stimulation deprivation model, etc. The drosophila models of sleep deprivation mainly included mechanical deprivation model, repeated light stimulation model at night and gene modification method, etc.The animal models of sleep deprivation in TCM mainly included Yin deficiency insomnia model, liver depression insomnia model and heart-kidney incoordination insomnia model etc.The models have their respective advantages and disadvantages, so in the studies of TCM with improving sleep function, the model should be chosen flexibly according to specific conditions. It also needed to be improved in the combination with TCM syndrome patterns. The existing models of sleep deprivation were mostly lacking of accuracy and stability, affecting the reliability of the experiment results. Sleep deprivation model was focusing onthe combination of basic model and TCM syndromes of insomnia. The sleep deprivation models were not widely used in research of TCM, so establishing a sleep deprivation model conforming to the thought of TCM should be the key point in the study of improving sleep by TCM.