川贝母采后加工贮藏包装环节的调查

目的:通过调查不同产地川贝母采后的加工贮藏包装现状,深入了解从采收到饮片的各个环节中影响其质量的因素,为其规范化加工、合理贮藏、现代化包装提供参考。方法:在现有的研究基础上,以药材市场、道地产区的实地调查为主,文献检索和分析为辅,综合分析影响川贝母质量的各种因素。结果:通过调查,归纳总结了川贝母的采后初加工方法、贮藏条件与包装方面的现状和存在的问题。结论:川贝母以野生为主,采挖的农户分散,采收时间不统一,初加工环节的干燥是一个关键的环节但传统技术原始,贮藏过程中容易出现油子、黄子的现象,包装环节容易出现虫蛀现象,各环节尚缺乏科学统一的标准,影响着产品的品质。为了保证川贝母的质量和临床用药安全,需要采用多种技术从多个环节进行质量的全过程控制,建立合理的质量评价方法和指标,制定科学的标准操作规程。

Investigation on Processing,Storage,and Packaging of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus After Harvest

Objective:To evaluate the factors that can affect the quality from harvest to decoction pieces of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (FCB) and to provide reference for its standardized processing,reasonable storage,and modern packaging by investigating the present situation about post-harvest processing,storage,and packaging of FCB from different habitats. Method:On the basis of present researches,various factors which can affect the quality of FCB were analyzed comprehensively by field investigation in medicine markets and genuine producing areas, supplemented by literature retrieval and analysis. Result:Through investigation,the present situation and problems of the initial processing,storage condition,and packaging after harvest were summarized in the present paper. Conclusion:FCB is harvested in unconcentrated wild mainly. The harvest time is scattered. The traditional technology of drying process is primitive,which is a key step in production of FCB. The phenomenon of Youzi (oily) and Huangzi (yellow) was easy to appear in storage process. Damages by worms can appear in the packaging section. All sections still lack scientific and unified standards,affecting the quality of FCB products. In order to ensure the quality of FCB and safety of clinical uses,we need to use a variety of techniques to control the whole process from multiple sections,establish a reasonable quality evaluation method and indicators,and formulate a scientific standard operating procedure.