木榄化学成分和药理活性研究进展

木榄为我国传统药用红树植物,主要分布于广东、广西、福建、台湾及其沿海岛屿,生长于浅海盐滩。据《中华海洋本草》记载,木榄树皮、叶、果实均可入药。其树皮用于治疗咽喉肿痛、泄泻腹痛、多种出血;叶用于治疗疟疾;果实用于治疗肠滑久泻。从上世纪80年代以来,对木榄的研究不断深入。目前研究表明从木榄提取分离得到的化学成分丰富,有黄酮类化合物、硫化合物、萜类化合物、芳香环化合物、氰苷化合物、氨基酸等。其中已鉴定的黄酮类化合物18个,硫化合物7个,萜类化合物37个,芳香环化合物8个,氰苷化合物7个,苯丙素类化合物8个。现代药理研究表明有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗真菌、抗病毒、抗糖尿病和心血管作用等,以抗真菌、抗病毒和抗肿瘤研究为主。查找在中国知网,万方,Science Direct,Pub Med,Web of Science等数据库1972年至2017年的相关文献,按照传统药用历史、化学成分、药理作用3个方面归纳、总结和阐述其临床用药、化学成分、药理活性的研究进展概况,以期为该药深入研究和临床合理利用提供理论参考。

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effect of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza

Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, a traditional Chinese medicinal mangrove plants, is mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan and its coastal islands, and grow in shallow sea salt beaches. According to the records of Chinese Ocean Materia Medica, its bark, used for sore throat, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bleeding caused by varied reasons, leaves for malaria, and fruits for proctoptosis due to long-term diarrhea, are of great value in pharmaceutical application. Profound researches on chemical composition and pharmacological actions has been increasingly implemented since the last century. The present studies have revealed that a variety of chemical compositions are found in extracted samples including flavonoids, sulfurations, terpenoids, aromatic compounds, cyanosides, amino acids, and 18 flavonoids, 7 sulfurations, 37 terpenoids, 8 aromatic compounds, 7 cyanosides, 8 phenylpropanoids isolated from B. gymnorrhiza. Both in vivo and in vitro pharmacological studies have proved that these constituents have anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-diabetic effects and are beneficial for cardiovascular diseases, but majority of the studies are focused on their antiviral and anti-tumor functions. Related literature in CNKI Database, Wanfang, Science Direct, PubMed and Web of science Database from 1972 to 2018 were research conditions of B. gymnorrhiza were summarized and explored the research progress on clinical medication, chemical composition, pharmacological activities by searching previous studies at home and abroad with respect to B. gymnorrhiza, hoping to provide the theoretical basis for its further studies and rational use in clinic.