颅脑超声评价新生儿脑发育与孕周、出生体质量的相关性

目的 探讨颅脑超声评价新生儿脑发育的价值。方法 选择我院新生儿重症监护室的135例新生儿，均于出生当天行颅脑超声检查，测量胼胝体矢状长度和小脑蚓部矢状长度，分析孕周和出生体质量对新生儿胼胝体及小脑蚓部发育的影响。结果 早产儿、足月儿出生时平均胼胝体矢状长度分别为（39.18±2.53）mm、（41.62±3.28）mm，差异有统计学意义（t=4.87，P<0.05）；小脑蚓部矢状长度分别为（19.03±2.00）mm、（20.91±2.29）mm，差异有统计学意义（t=5.05，P<0.05）。新生儿胼胝体矢状长度与孕周、出生体质量均呈正相关（r_s=0.45、0.51，P均< 0.05）；小脑蚓部矢状长度与孕周、出生体质量均呈正相关（r_s=0.42、0.46，P均< 0.05）；胼胝体矢状长度与小脑蚓部矢状长度呈正相关（r_s=0.43，P<0.05）。结论 颅脑超声可动态观察新生儿颅内结构及胼胝体和小脑蚓部发育情况，为临床干预提供可靠依据。

Craniocerebral ultrasonography in evaluation on correlation between brain development with gestational age and birth weight of neonatal brain

Objective To explore the value of craniocerebral ultrasonography in evaluation on neonatal brain development. Methods Totally 135 newborns were collected in neonatal intensive care unit. The sagittal length of the corpus callosum and the sagittal length of the cerebellar vermis were measured on the day of birth. The impact of gestational age and birth weight on the development of the corpus callosum and cerebellar vermis were analyzed. Results The mean sagittal length of corpus callosum at birth in premature infants and term infants was (39.18±2.53)mm and (41.62±3.28)mm, respectively (t=4.87, P<0.05). The sagittal length of cerebellar vermis in premature infants and term infants was (19.03±2.00)mm and (20.91±2.29)mm, respectively (t=5.05, P<0.05). The length of the corpus callosum was positively correlated with gestational age and birth weight (r_s=0.45, 0.51, both P<0.05), while the sagittal length of cerebellar vermis was positively correlated with gestational age and birth weight (r_s=0.42, 0.46, both P<0.05). The length of the corpus callosum was positively correlated with the length of cerebellar vermis (r_s=0.43, P<0.05). Conclusion Craniocerebral ultrasonography can be used to dynamically observe the neonatal intracranial structure and the development of corpus callosum and cerebellar vermis, therefore providing reliable references for clinical intervention.