正常婴幼儿耳蜗导水管的HRCT表现及其径线与感音神经性耳聋患儿的差异

目的 分析正常婴幼儿耳蜗导水管（CA）的HRCT表现特点，观察其径线与感音神经性耳聋（SNHL）患儿的差异。方法 收集无听力异常的婴幼儿颞骨HRCT资料129例（258耳）作为正常组，以58例（116耳）经临床诊断为感音神经性聋（SNHL）、内耳结构正常的儿童颞骨CT资料作为SNHL组，并将2组均分为1岁、2岁、3岁亚组，分别测量2组CA长径及外口宽径，并进行统计学分析。结果 正常组CA长径及外口宽径无侧别和性别间差异（P均>0.05）。2组同年龄亚组CA长径差异无统计学意义（t=0.160、0.979、0.432，P均> 0.05）。SNHL组各亚组CA外口宽径均小于正常组对应年龄亚组（t=3.722、3.101、3.336，P均<0.01）。结论 正常婴幼儿CA长径和外口宽径随年龄增长而增大；CA外口宽径偏小可能与SNHL的发生有关。

HRCT manifestations of cochlear aqueduct in normal infants and differences of diameters with sensorineural hearing loss

Objective To observe HRCT features of cochlear aqueduct (CA) in normal infants, and to explore the differences of CA diameters between sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) infants and normal infants. Methods Totally temporal bone HRCT data of 129 infants without abnormal hearing (258 ears) were taken as control group, while temporal bone CT data of 58 infants (116 ears) diagnosed as sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with normal inner ear structure were collected as SNHL group. Infants in both 2 groups were divided into 1-year, 2-year and 3-year subgroups. The width of external aperture and length of CA were measured, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results In normal group, CA diameters and the width of external aperture had no statistical differences between sides and genders (both P>0.05). There was no statistical difference of CA diameters between the same subgroup in 2 groups (t=0.160, 0.979, 0.432, all P>0.05), but the width of CA external aperture in subgroups of SNHL group was smaller than those of normal group (t=3.722, 3.101, 3.336, all P<0.01). Conclusion The length of CA and width of external aperture increase with age, and there may be relationship between smaller width of CA external aperture and SNHL.