An economic evaluation of health-promotive built environment changes |
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| Authors: | Jessica Y. Guo Sasanka Gandavarapu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C. Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;2. Municipal Institute of Medical Research (IMIM-Hospital del Mar), Barcelona, Spain;3. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain;4. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain;5. Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2NA, UK;6. Energy and Air Quality Department, Barcelona Regional, C. 60, 25-27, 08040 Barcelona, Spain;1. The University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia;2. The University of Queensland, Centre for Medical Diagnostic Technologies in Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia;3. The University of Queensland, Discipline of Medical Imaging, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia;4. The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia;5. Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women''s Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, Australia;6. Specialised PET Services Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women''s Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, Australia;7. The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Royal Brisbane and Women''s Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, Australia;8. Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Brisbane and Women''s Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, Australia;1. Michigan State University, 552 W. Circle Dr., Room 404, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;2. Michigan State University, 673 Auditorium Rd., Room 127, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThis study aimed to help public investment decision makers see the greatest return on their built environment investments by developing an analysis framework for identifying the most promising improvement strategies and assessing the attainable return on investment.MethodsThe 2001 National Household Travel Survey sample (N = 4974) from Dane County, Wisconsin, was used to develop a Spatial Seemingly Unrelated Regression model of daily vehicle miles traveled and miles walked or biked. The empirical model was used to analyze the travel impacts of hypothetical built environment changes. These travel impacts were translated into health impacts and monetary values using cost-benefit analysis.ResultsTwo win-win built environment strategies were found: increased regional retail accessibility and increased prevalence of sidewalks. Based on the present analyses, an investment of $450 million to make sidewalks available to all Dane County residents was estimated to yield a cost-benefit ratio of 1.87 over a 10-year life cycle.ConclusionCertain built environment measures could be predicted to be effective strategies for exerting a positive influence on people’s travel behavior and the health of the community. Quantifiable public health benefits gained by better air quality and increased physical activity were shown to outweigh the cost of implementing the built environment measure of adding sidewalks to all roads. |
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