少精症、弱精症患者精浆miR-34c的表达及意义

目的 探讨精浆微小核糖核酸-34c（miR-34c）的表达与少精症、弱精症患者精液质量的临床关系。方法 选取2020年1月至2022年3月浙江省丽水市人民医院收治的135例少精症患者为少精症组,156例弱精症患者为弱精症组,同期选取150例育龄期健康男性作为对照组。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应技术检测精浆miR-34c表达水平,比较三组的精浆miR-34c表达水平和精子质量参数（包括精液量、精子总数、精子浓度、精子活力a+b级百分比、精子前向运动率）,采用Pearson相关性分析少精症、弱精症患者精浆miR-34c表达水平与精液质量的关系。结果 三组的精浆miR-34c表达水平比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;少精症组、弱精症组的miR-34c表达水平均低于对照组（P<0.05）;少精症组与弱精症组比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;三组的精液量比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;三组的精子总数、精子浓度、精子活力a+b级百分比、精子前向运动率比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;少精症组、弱精症组以上指标均低于对照组（P<0.05）;少精症组患者的精子总数、精子浓度低于弱精症组（P<0.05）;少精症组患者的精子活力a+b级百分比、精子前向运动率高于弱精症组（P<0.05）;Pearson相关分析结果显示,少精症组、弱精症组患者的精浆miR-34c表达水平与精液量无相关性（P>0.05）,与精子总数、精子浓度、精子活力a+b级百分比及精子前向运动率呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论 少精症、弱精症患者的精浆miR-34c表达水平均低于健康育龄期男性,且与其精液质量均呈正相关,miR-34c表达水平越高,精子总数越多,精子浓度、精子活力a+b级百分比及精子前向运动率越高。

Expression and significance of miR-34c in seminal plasma of oligospermia and asthenospermia

Objective To investigate the clinical relationship between the expression of microribonucleic acid-34c(miR-34c) in seminal plasma and semen quality in patients with oligozoospermia and asthenospermia. Methods A total of 135 patients with oligozoospermia treated in Lishui People''s Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2020 to March 2022 were selected as oligozoospermiagroup, a total of 156 asthenospermia patients as asthenospermia group, and 150 healthy men of childbearing age were selected as control group at the same time. The expression level of miR-34c in seminal plasma was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression level of miR-34c in seminal plasma and sperm quality parameters (included semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, percentage of a+b grade of sperm activity, sperm forward movement rate) were compared among the three groups. The relationship between the expression level of miR-34c in seminal plasma and semen quality in patients with oligozoospermia and asthenospermia was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The expression level of miR-34c in seminal plasma of the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The comparison of total sperm count, sperm concentration, percentage of sperm activity a+b and sperm forward movement rate among the three groups showed significant difference (P<0.05). The above indicators in oligozoospermia group and asthenospermia group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total sperm count and sperm concentration in oligozoospermia group were lower than those in asthenospermia group (P<0.05). The percentage of sperm activity a+b and sperm forward movement rate in oligozoospermia group were higher than those in asthenospermia group (P<0.05); Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expression level of miR-34c in seminal plasma of patients with oligozoospermia and asthenospermia was not correlated with semen volume (P>0.05), but was positively correlated with total sperm count, sperm concentration, percentage of a+b grade of sperm motility and sperm forward movement rate (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression level of miR-34c in seminal plasma of patients with oligozoospermia and asthenospermia is lower than that of healthy men of childbearing age, and is positively correlated with their semen quality.