Imd pathway is involved in the interaction of Drosophila melanogaster with the entomopathogenic bacteria,Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus luminescens |
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| Authors: | Jean-Luc Aymeric Alain Givaudan Bernard Duvic |
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| Institution: | 1. UMR INRA-UM2 1133, Laboratoire Ecologie Microbienne des Insectes et Interactions hôte-Pathogène, France;2. Université de Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, CC54, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France;1. Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;2. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;1. Biopesticides Team (LPAP), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia;2. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar;1. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG). Rua 235, s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, 74605-050 Brazil;2. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Animal da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74.690-900 Brazil;3. Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro. Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602 Brazil;4. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), BR-465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23890-000 Brazil;5. Embrapa Gado de Leite. Rua Eugênio do Nascimento, 610, Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36038-330 Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Xenorhabdus nematophila/Steinernema carpocapsae and Photorhabdus luminescens/Heterorhabditis bacteriophora are nemato-bacterial complexes highly pathogenic for insects. Using a syringe as artificial vector, we have analyzed the effects of the two bacteria, X. nematophila and P. luminescens on the genetic tool insect, Drosophila melanogaster. Both bacteria were found to kill adult flies in a dose dependent manner with X. nematophila being the fastest. On the other hand, when an injection of non-pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli, is performed 1 day before challenge with the entomopathogenic bacteria, then the survival of Drosophila flies was prolonged by at least 20 h. After injection of entomopathogenic bacteria, Drosophila mutant Dif1, affected on the Toll pathway, showed a similar phenotype than wild-type flies whereas Drosophila mutant DreddD55, affected on the imd pathway, was not protected by a prior injection of E. coli. This suggested that members of the imd pathway might be targets of these entomopathogenic bacteria albeit synthesis of antimicrobial peptides through this signaling pathway was induced by X. nematophila as well as P. luminescens. Finally, P. luminescens phoP mutant, an avirulent mutant in the Lepidopteran insect, Spodoptera littoralis, was found poorly virulent for D. melanogaster. phoP mutant partially protected D. melanogaster flies if injected 1 day before the injection of P. luminescens wild-type TT01 to the same extent than the E. coli-induced protection. However, phoP recovered a level of pathogenicity comparable to P. luminescens wild-type TT01 when injected to Drosophila flies affected on the imd pathway. |
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